Age constraints on the India–Asia collision derived from secondary remanences of Tethyan Himalayan sediments from the Tingri area

Liebke, Ursina; Appel, Erwin; Ding, Lin; Zhang, Qinghai

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.10.012

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The fold tests of the ChRMs from the Zongshan Formation in Gamba and Duina [ Patzelt et al , ] are inconclusive at best (Figure S3). Thorough rock magnetic and petrographic work required to verify this interpretation is beyond the scope of this paper, but in the light of the remagnetization of the Zongpu carbonate rocks documented here and the common remagnetization of other carbonate rocks across the Tibetan Himalaya [e.g., Besse et al , ; Liebke et al , ; Huang et al , ], the likelihood of remagnetization of the Zongshan carbonate rocks may be high. We now explore the tectonic implications from a perspective that the Zongshan carbonate rocks are also remagnetized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Remagnetization of the Paleogene Tibetan Himalayan carbonate rocks in the Gamba area: Implications for reconstructing the lower plate in the India‐Asia collision

et al. 2017

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The characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM) isolated from Paleogene carbonate rocks of the Zongpu Formation in Gamba (28.3°N, 88.5°E) of southern Tibet has previously been interpreted to be primary. These data are pertinent for estimating the width of Greater India and dating the initiation of India‐Asia collision. We have reanalyzed the published ChRM directions and completed thorough rock magnetic tests and petrographic observations on specimens collected throughout the previously investigated sections. Negative nonparametric fold tests demonstrate that the ChRM has a synfolding or postfolding origin. Rock magnetic analyses reveal that the dominant magnetic carrier is magnetite. “Wasp‐waisted” hysteresis loops, suppressed Verwey transitions, high frequency‐dependent in‐phase magnetic susceptibility, and evidence that >70% of the ferrimagnetic material is superparamagnetic at room temperature are consistent with the rock‐magnetic fingerprint of remagnetized carbonate rocks. Scanning electron microscopy observations and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrometry analysis confirm that magnetite grains are authigenic. In summary, the carbonate rocks of the Zongpu Formation in Gamba have been chemically remagnetized. Thus, the early Paleogene latitude of the Tibetan Himalaya and size of Greater India have yet to be determined and the initiation of collision cannot yet be precisely dated by paleomagnetism. If collision began at 59 ± 1 Ma at ~19°N, as suggested by sedimentary records and paleomagnetic data from the Lhasa terrane, then a huge Greater India, as large as ~3500–3800 km, is required in the early Paleogene. This size, in sharp contrast to the few hundred kilometers estimated for the Early Cretaceous, implies an ever greater need for extension within Greater India during the Cretaceous.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Remagnetization of the Paleogene Tibetan Himalayan carbonate rocks in the Gamba area: Implications for reconstructing the lower plate in the India‐Asia collision

et al. 2017

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“…Based on the position of the India‐Asia collision, the evolution of the TH, which is traditionally regarded as the northernmost continental unit of India, can be used to date the collision. There have been many paleomagnetic studies on Paleozoic‐Paleogene rocks from the TH, but many of these rocks have been remagnetized (e.g., Appel et al, ; Besse et al, ; Huang, van Hinsbergen, Dekkers, et al, ; Huang, Lippert, Dekkers, et al, ; Huang, Lippert, Zhang, et al, ; Klootwijk & Bingham, ; Liebke et al, ; Schill et al, ; Tong et al, ). Importantly, the paleomagnetic results from the late Cretaceous and Paleocene limestones reported by Patzelt et al () and Yi et al () have previously been regarded as primary remanences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleomagnetic and Geochronologic Results of Latest Cretaceous Lava Flows From the Lhasa Terrane and Their Tectonic Implications

Yang

Bian

et al. 2017

JGR Solid Earth

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To position the Asian southern margin before the India‐Asia collision, paleomagnetic and geochronologic studies were performed on the Dianzhong Formation lava flows from the Shiquanhe area of the westernmost Lhasa terrane (LT). Zircon U‐Pb analyses dated the lava flows to ~69.5 ± 2.5 Ma. The characteristic remanent magnetization directions contain antipodal polarities and pass fold tests, implying that they are primary magnetizations; this interpretation is supported by rock‐magnetic analyses and petrographic observations. Forty‐four site‐mean directions were divided into 17 statistically independent direction groups. The group‐mean direction after tilt correction is Ds = 43.3°, Is = 30.3°, k = 28.0, α95 = 6.9°. The corresponding paleopole at 47.8°N, 181.4°E (A95 = 6.4°) yields a paleolatitude of 16.6° ± 6.4°N for the Shiquanhe area of westernmost Tibet (32.34°N, 80.12°E). Consistent paleolatitudes for the southern margin of the LT calculated from the western and central part of the LT indicate that the leading edge of the LT was aligned relatively W‐E. When compared with the reference pole at 70 Ma for Eurasia, this new paleopole suggests that crustal shortening between the Shiquanhe area and stable Asia was 1,500 ± 800 km. This is supported by the crustal shortening (600–1,000 km) absorbed by Cenozoic thrust and fold belts within this area, indicating that the magnitude of crustal shortening within Asia north of the India‐Asia suture zone was similar in the central and western part of the plateau.

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“…For the Tethyan Himalaya, in addition to the Early Cretaceous data sets mentioned above (Table 1), only one Late Cretaceous and five Paleocene paleomagnetic data sets were available owing to extensive remagnetization (e.g., Liebke et al, 2013;Huang et al, 2015c). Two Paleocene data sets have been reported by Besse et al (1984) (BJ) and Tong et al (2008) (TY).…”

Section: The India-asia Collision Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleomagnetic results from the Early Cretaceous Lakang Formation lavas: Constraints on the paleolatitude of the Tethyan Himalaya and the India–Asia collision

Yang

Bian

et al. 2015

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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Age constraints on the India–Asia collision derived from secondary remanences of Tethyan Himalayan sediments from the Tingri area

Cited by 29 publications

References 56 publications

Remagnetization of the Paleogene Tibetan Himalayan carbonate rocks in the Gamba area: Implications for reconstructing the lower plate in the India‐Asia collision

Remagnetization of the Paleogene Tibetan Himalayan carbonate rocks in the Gamba area: Implications for reconstructing the lower plate in the India‐Asia collision

Paleomagnetic and Geochronologic Results of Latest Cretaceous Lava Flows From the Lhasa Terrane and Their Tectonic Implications

Paleomagnetic results from the Early Cretaceous Lakang Formation lavas: Constraints on the paleolatitude of the Tethyan Himalaya and the India–Asia collision

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