Age changes in the vascular supply of the mandible

Bradley, J. Chester

doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.4802812

Cited by 112 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…The pattern of the blood supply in the mandible is thought to change from one that is largely centrifugal in the young dentate individual, to one that is primarily centripetal, with the supply being increasingly dependent upon periosteal and submuscular sources by the time old age is reached (Castelli, 1963;Wallenius and Heyden, 1972;Bradley, 1975Bradley, , 1981Poirot et al, 1986). This is likely to be of immense importance if the mucosa is used to support a denture (Weinmann and Sicher, 1955;Ortman, 1962), since prolonged pressure could occlude the fine periosteal plexus of vessels.…”

Section: (13) Rate and Duration Of Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Extraction Remodeling of the Adult Mandible

Kingsmill

1999

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

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Following tooth loss, the mandible shows an extensive loss of bone in some individuals. This may pose a significant problem in the prosthodontic restoration of function and esthetics. The many factors which have been proposed as being responsible for the inter-individual variation in post-extraction remodeling mean that a perfunctory analysis of the literature, in which well-controlled, relevant studies are scarce, may not provide the whole story. This article reviews the local and systemic factors which may play a role in the post-extraction remodeling of the mandible. Since severe residual ridge resorption may occur even when the bone status in the rest of the skeleton is good and vice versa, it is concluded that local functional factors are of paramount significance. It is now essential to determine how they can be modified and applied to help maintain ridge height and quality in our aging, edentulous population.

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Section: (13) Rate and Duration Of Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Extraction Remodeling of the Adult Mandible

Kingsmill

1999

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

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“…In these studies we used the bovine inferior alveolar artery (BIAA), which is located inside the mandible and supplies the teeth and oral tissues with blood. During aging, the human inferior alveolar artery displays morphological characteristics of excessive growth factor pathway activation, including formation of atherosclerotic lesions and luminal narrowing (Bradley, 1972;Zoud and Doran, 1993). Using contraction experiments and immunoblotting, we determined the ␣ 1 -AR subtypes mediating contraction and ERK activation in the BIAA.…”

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confidence: 99%

Relationship between α₁-Adrenergic Receptor-Induced Contraction and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Activation in the Bovine Inferior Alveolar Artery

Hague

Gonzalez-Cabrera

Jeffries

et al. 2002

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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The endogenous adrenergic agonists norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine regulate vascular tone by stimulating ␣ 1 -adrenergic receptors (ARs) on smooth muscle cells to cause contraction. In addition, ␣ 1 -ARs also couple to growth factor pathways, through stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). MAPKs are a family of serine-threonine kinases that include extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and a variety of other kinases that are able to activate transcription factors when stimulated. We examined ␣ 1 -AR stimulation of contraction and ERK activation in the bovine inferior alveolar artery (BIAA), using in vitro contraction studies and Western blotting. Using antagonists selective for individual adrenergic receptor types, we found that only ␣ 1 -ARs were coupled to ERK activation and contraction. NE stimulated contraction (EC 50 ϭ 11 M) and ERK activation (EC 50 ϭ 21 M) with similar potency. Using ␣ 1 -AR subtype-selective antagonists, we identified the ␣ 1 -AR subtypes coupled to each response. Affinity values for ␣ 1 -AR subtype-selective antagonists were consistent with ␣ 1A -AR-mediated contraction. In contrast, simultaneous treatment with concentrations of these antagonists selective for each ␣ 1 -AR subtype (␣ 1A -, ␣ 1B -, and ␣ 1D -AR) was required to inhibit ERK activation, suggesting that all three ␣ 1 -ARs activate ERK in BIAA. Transmural electrical stimulation of BIAA segments resulted in activation of ERK, which was inhibited by the ␣ 1 -ARselective antagonist BE 2254 (2-[[␤-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]aminomethyl]-1-tetralone). These data suggest that in an intact artery, NE released from sympathetic nerves stimulates ␣ 1 -ARs to cause contraction and ERK activation, and that redundancy among subtypes exists for ␣ 1 -AR activation of ERK.The sympathetic nervous system controls peripheral vascular resistance by release of norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine, which stimulate ␣ 1 -adrenergic receptors (ARs) on vascular smooth muscle cells. Molecular cloning and radioligand binding studies using selective antagonists have identified three distinct ␣ 1 -AR subtypes (␣ 1A -, ␣ 1B -, and ␣ 1D -AR).

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“…In Case 1, although the patient was old and had systemic diseases, she was discharged without special complication and with good prognosis. According to the research of Bradley 10 , blood flow in the atrophic mandible rate of 95%. Therefore, we performed bicortical fixation using a 2.4 mm universal locking plate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Luhr et al 1 and Bradley 10 , when operating edentulous mandibular fracture patients, the application of supraperiosteal exposure as periosteal dissection may sustain blood flow. When carrying out supraperiosteal exposure, however, it is hard to reduce bone accurately and fix metal plates because the fractured area is not visible.…”

Section: Jae-seok Lim Et Al: Surgical Management Of Edentulous/atrophmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical management of edentulous/atrophic mandibular fracture: a report of two cases

Lim

Kwon

Kim

et al. 2012

J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg

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(J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012;38:50-4) According to Luhr's classification, a fracture in the mandible with a width of less than 15-20 mm is considered to be an atrophic mandibular fracture and its incidence is very rare. Because of the reduced cross-sectional area and smaller contact area of the fractured ends as well as the poorly vascularized bony structure and delayed bone healing, an atrophic mandibular fracture is a great challenge for oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Surgeons tend to perform closed reduction, because open reduction is considered a non-life-saving surgery among elderly patients. Thus, most of them have limited experience in surgical management. According to recent reports, open reduction yields a good result, and the Association for Osteosynthesis (AO) group has recommended open reduction. This is a case report of our two experiences of open reduction and rigid fixation of atrophic mandibular fractures by the AO principle. Articles were also reviewed here.

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Age changes in the vascular supply of the mandible

Cited by 112 publications

References 0 publications

Post-Extraction Remodeling of the Adult Mandible

Post-Extraction Remodeling of the Adult Mandible

Relationship between α₁-Adrenergic Receptor-Induced Contraction and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Activation in the Bovine Inferior Alveolar Artery

Surgical management of edentulous/atrophic mandibular fracture: a report of two cases

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Age changes in the vascular supply of the mandible

Cited by 112 publications

References 0 publications

Post-Extraction Remodeling of the Adult Mandible

Post-Extraction Remodeling of the Adult Mandible

Relationship between α1-Adrenergic Receptor-Induced Contraction and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Activation in the Bovine Inferior Alveolar Artery

Surgical management of edentulous/atrophic mandibular fracture: a report of two cases

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Relationship between α₁-Adrenergic Receptor-Induced Contraction and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Activation in the Bovine Inferior Alveolar Artery