Age at Unilateral Orchiopexy: Effect on Hormone Levels and Sperm Count in Adulthood

Coughlin, Michael T.; Bellinger, Mark F.; Lee, Peter A.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(01)68040-6

Cited by 62 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Although some studies have suggested that orchiopexy at younger age results in better semen parameters (Canavese, 2009;Engeler, 2000;Taskinen, 1996) results of this study show no favourable effect of early treatment on semen characteristics, in line with other studies (Coughlin, 1999;Gracia, 2000;Lee & Coughlin, 2001;Vinardi, 2001). No study which evaluates age at surgery as a continuous variable finds statistically significant correlations with semen parameters (Coughlin, 1999;Gracia, 2000;Lee & Coughlin, 2001;Vinardi, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Age at orchiopexy was not significantly correlated with FSH and InhB levels. This is in contrast to a study by Coughlin et al, in which age at surgery negatively correlated with InhB and positively with FSH levels (Coughlin, 1999). However, in that study a multivariate analysis correcting for known confounders was not performed.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

“…Many studies have been published on semen parameters in patients with UDT. Such studies are not always easy to compare because of several reasons; (i) different therapeutic strategies, (ii) variation in reporting the results (mean values, median values or percentage normal/abnormal), (iii) the WHO-reference values for semen analysis have changed over time, (iv) uncertainty whether groups contain only congenital UDT or also acquired UDT, (v) groups may contain unilateral or bilateral UDT or a combination of both, (vi) unclear about the exclusion of retractile testis (Canavese, 2009;Cortes & Thorup, 1991;Cortes, 1996;Coughlin, 1999;Engeler, 2000;Gracia, 2000;Lee & Coughlin, 2001;Taskinen, 1996;Vinardi, 2001). In this study, men with retractile testis or acquired UDT were excluded and this might be an explanation for our low sperm concentration in comparison with the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No study which evaluates age at surgery as a continuous variable finds statistically significant correlations with semen parameters (Coughlin, 1999;Gracia, 2000;Lee & Coughlin, 2001;Vinardi, 2001). Two studies found an effect of age at surgery for patients with bilateral UDT, but not for unilateral UDT (Engeler, 2000;Taskinen, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fertility potential in men with a history of congenital undescended testes: a long‐term follow‐up study

et al. 2012

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Men with a history of congenital undescended testes (UDT) have an increased risk of fertility problems. Despite no definitive proof, current guidelines recommend early surgical intervention because this may have a positive effect on future fertility potential by preventing degenerative changes of the testes in early life. Also surgical intervention facilitates observability of the testes in view of possible malignancy. We evaluated testicular function in adult men with previous UDT treated at different ages before puberty. A longterm follow-up study of men with previous UDT was performed. Andrological evaluation included medical history taking, physical examination, scrotal ultrasound, determination of reproductive hormones, and semen analysis. Findings were compared with those of a control group of men with normal testicular descent. The influence of age at orchiopexy on future fertility parameters was evaluated in a multivariate regression analysis. 62 men were included of whom seven had had bilateral UDT. Twenty-four patients had had their orchiopexy before the age of 24 months of whom eight men had it before 12 months of age. Forty-eight men had had unsuccessful luteinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone (LHRH) nasal spray treatment during childhood, whereas 14 of 24 men operated before 24 months of age had not received LHRH treatment before orchiopexy. Fertility potential in men with a history of UDT is compromised in comparison with controls. We could not detect any influence of age at orchiopexy on fertility parameters. However, the number of patients operated before the age of 12 months is limited. This study does not support the assumption that early orchiopexy results in better fertility potential.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fertility potential in men with a history of congenital undescended testes: a long‐term follow‐up study

et al. 2012

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“…Preoperative testicular location (16) or testicular size at orchidopexy (17) in men with previous unilateral cryptorchidism was not a major determinant of inhibin B levels, whereas early operation appears to be beneficial. Thus, adult men with a history of cryptorchidism and who underwent orchiopexy by the age of 2 years have higher inhibin B levels compared with those who underwent surgery later in life (18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Serum inhibin B, FSH, LH and testosterone levels before and after human chorionic gonadotropin stimulation in prepubertal boys with cryptorchidism

Christiansen

Andersson²,

Ne³

et al. 2002

Eur J Endocrinol

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Background: Several studies have indicated that cryptorchidism is associated with degenerative changes in both Sertoli cells and germ cells. The gonadal peptide hormone inhibin B reflects Sertoli cell function. Low inhibin B levels are found in a large portion of formerly cryptorchid men who show compromised seminiferous tubule function. It is not known if inhibin B can be used to demonstrate early damage of seminiferous tubules in prepubertal boys with cryptorchidism. Methods: We investigated the relationship between serum levels of inhibin B, testosterone, FSH and LH in 62 prepubertal boys with uni-and bilateral cryptorchidism. Furthermore, we investigated the changes in serum levels of inhibin B and the corresponding changes in serum levels of FSH, LH and testosterone during a short course (3 weeks) of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injections in 18 of these cryptorchid boys. Results: In the 62 prepubertal boys with uni-or bilateral cryptorchidism there were no significant differences in baseline levels (median and range) of inhibin B (88 (20-195) pg/ml vs 78 (35-182) pg/ml; not significant), LH (0.08 (,0.05 -0.99) IU/l vs 0.06 (,0.05 -1.61) IU/l; not significant) and FSH (0.60 (0.08-3.73) IU/l vs 0.85 (0.25 -2.55); not significant) compared with 156 healthy prepubertal boys, and there were no differences in hormonal levels between boys with unior bilateral cryptorchidism. There was no correlation between baseline levels of inhibin B and FSH. In boys younger than 9 years, we found no correlation between baseline levels of inhibin B and LH whereas, in boys older than 9 years, baseline levels of inhibin B were positively correlated to baseline LH (Spearman rank correlation coefficient ððR s Þ ¼ 0:58; P ¼ 0:03Þ: Treatment with hCG (1500 IU intramuscularly twice weekly for 3 weeks) resulted in descensus of testes in 9 out of 18 patients. In all boys but one, irrespective of age, hCG induced a marked increase in testosterone into the adult range (from undetectable to 21.8 (7.0 -35.4) nmol/l; P , 0:001) and completely suppressed FSH and LH levels. Serum levels of inhibin B increased significantly from 116 (50 -195) pg/ml to 147 (94 -248) pg/ml ðP , 0:05Þ; but not uniformly. The increase in serum levels of inhibin B was inversely correlated to baseline inhibin B ðRs ¼ 20:52; P ¼ 0:03Þ and baseline FSH ðR s ¼ 20:59; P , 0:01Þ: Conclusions: We therefore suggest that, in the prepubertal testes, inhibin B is secreted from the prepubertal Sertoli cells following hCG, whereas early pubertal testes with more differentiated Sertoli cells are not able to secrete inhibin B in response to hCG stimulation, perhaps due to lack of germ cell-derived bB-subunits. We found (a) normal inhibin B levels in prepubertal boys with uni-or bilateral cryptorchidism, (b) that hCG stimulated testosterone markedly and suppressed FSH and LH levels and (c) that hCG treatment stimulated inhibin B levels in the youngest cryptorchid boys. In the oldest prepubertal boys no hCG-induced changes in inhibin B were shown.

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Orchidopexy and orchidectomy

Hutton¹,

Darwish²

2015

Pediatric Urology

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Age at Unilateral Orchiopexy: Effect on Hormone Levels and Sperm Count in Adulthood

Cited by 62 publications

References 14 publications

Fertility potential in men with a history of congenital undescended testes: a long‐term follow‐up study

Fertility potential in men with a history of congenital undescended testes: a long‐term follow‐up study

Serum inhibin B, FSH, LH and testosterone levels before and after human chorionic gonadotropin stimulation in prepubertal boys with cryptorchidism

Orchidopexy and orchidectomy

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