Age at onset and age at treatment of alcohol use disorders: Associations with educational level and intelligence

Christoffersen, Lea Arregui Nordahl; Mortensen, Erik Lykke; Becker, Ulrik; Osler, Merete; Sørensen, Holger J.; Flensborg‐Madsen, Trine

doi:10.1016/j.alcohol.2021.04.005

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…A recent study of 329 people ages 18–65 in China who consume alcohol found that those with lower education levels drink more heavily than those with higher education levels ( 54 ). However, patterns of alcohol use across a lifetime may vary by education as well, as one study in Denmark involving 7,019 men seeking outpatient AUD treatment showed that patients with higher educational levels were likely to have a later onset and treatment of AUD ( 55 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Use and Misuse Among Chinese Psychiatrists During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic

Min

Gluck

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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AimSurvey alcohol use and misuse among Chinese psychiatrists during the Coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.MethodsWe conducted a large-scale, nationwide online survey of psychiatrists regarding their alcohol use during the pandemic. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-Concise (AUDIT-C) was used to assess alcohol use and misuse.ResultsOf 3,815 psychiatrists who completed the survey, alcohol use and misus were 47.5% and 8.2%, respectively, and both were significantly higher in males. The majority (59%) reported no change in alcohol use during the pandemic, one-third (34.5%) reported a decrease, and 6.5% reported an increase. Alcohol misuse was associated with middle-age (OR = 1.418), male sex (OR = 5.089), Northeast China (OR = 1.507), cigarette-smoking (OR = 2.335), insomnia (OR = 1.660), and regular exercise (OR = 1.488). A master's degree (OR = 0.714) and confidence in clinical work (OR = 0.610) were associated with less alcohol misuse. Those who reported a decrease in alcohol use during the pandemic were more likely to be male (OR = 2.011), located in Northeast China (OR = 1.994), and feel confident in their clinical work (OR = 1.624). Increased alcohol use was significantly associated with insomnia (OR = 3.139).ConclusionsDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, alcohol use and misuse among Chinese psychiatrists declined. While males were more likely to misuse alcohol, they were also more likely to have reduced their intake. Age, location, and lifestyle factors also predicted alcohol use and misuse. Further examination of specific factors that reduced alcohol use and misuse may help guide public health efforts to sustain the lower rates beyond the pandemic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Use and Misuse Among Chinese Psychiatrists During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic

Min

Gluck

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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“…For instance, polysubstance use, present in approximately 50% of individuals with SUD [9], has been associated with poorer treatment outcomes [10], higher rates premature death due to overdose [2] and higher rates of mental-health problems and risky behaviours [9]. Early onset substance users are at higher risk for psychosocial problems [3], unemployment [11], low educational attainment [4] and heavier drug abuse in adulthood [8]. The presence of comorbid psychiatric disorders has been associated with adverse disease trajectory, such as poorer treatment adherence in individuals with comorbid major depression disorder or Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [10,12], increased rates of suicide in individuals with comorbid schizophrenia [13], and worse physical and mental health in individuals with comorbid Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presentation of SUD is highly heterogeneous across a wide range of phenotypic outcomes such as type of substance(s) [2], age at onset of SUD [3,4], individual personality profiles [5,6], presence of comorbid conditions [7] and disease trajectory [8]. For instance, polysubstance use, present in approximately 50% of individuals with SUD [9], has been associated with poorer treatment outcomes [10], higher rates premature death due to overdose [2] and higher rates of mental-health problems and risky behaviours [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling heterogeneity in Substance Use Disorders: Insights from Genome-Wide Polygenic Scores

Vilar-Ribó,

Alemany,

Cabana-Domínguez

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Substance use disorder (SUD) is a global health problem with significant impact on individuals and society. The presentation of SUD is diverse, involving various substances, ages at onset, comorbid conditions, and disease trajectories. Current treatments for SUD struggle to address this heterogeneity, resulting in high relapse rates. SUD often co-occurs with other psychiatric and mental-health related conditions that contribute to the heterogeneity of the disorder and predispose to adverse disease trajectories. Family and genetic studies highlight the role of genetic and environmental factors in the course of SUD, and point to a shared genetic liability between SUDs and comorbid psychopathology. In this study, we aimed to disentangle SUD heterogeneity using a deeply phenotyped SUD cohort and polygenic scores (PGSs) for psychiatric disorders and related traits. We explored associations between PGSs and various SUD-related phenotypes, as well as PGS-environment interactions using information on lifetime emotional, physical and/or sexual abuse. Our results revealed different patterns of associations between the genetic liability for mental-health related traits and SUD-related phenotypes, which may help explain part of the heterogeneity observed in SUD. In our SUD sample, we found associations linking the genetic liability for ADHD with lower educational attainment, the genetic liability for PTSD with higher rates of unemployment, the genetic liability for educational attainment with lower rates of criminal records and unemployment and the genetic liability for well-being with lower rates of outpatient treatments and fewer problems related to family and social relationships. We also found evidence of PGS-environment interactions showing that genetic liability for suicide attempt worsened the psychiatric status in SUD individuals with a history of emotional physical and/or sexual abuse. Collectively, these data contribute to a better understanding of the role of the genetic liability for mental health-related conditions and adverse life experiences in SUD heterogeneity.

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Disentangling heterogeneity in substance use disorder: Insights from genome-wide polygenic scores

Vilar-Ribó,

Cabana-Domínguez,

Alemany

et al. 2024

Transl Psychiatry

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Substance use disorder (SUD) is a global health problem with a significant impact on individuals and society. The presentation of SUD is diverse, involving various substances, ages at onset, comorbid conditions, and disease trajectories. Current treatments for SUD struggle to address this heterogeneity, resulting in high relapse rates. SUD often co-occurs with other psychiatric and mental health-related conditions that contribute to the heterogeneity of the disorder and predispose to adverse disease trajectories. Family and genetic studies highlight the role of genetic and environmental factors in the course of SUD, and point to a shared genetic liability between SUDs and comorbid psychopathology. In this study, we aimed to disentangle SUD heterogeneity using a deeply phenotyped SUD cohort and polygenic scores (PGSs) for psychiatric disorders and related traits. We explored associations between PGSs and various SUD-related phenotypes, as well as PGS-environment interactions using information on lifetime emotional, physical, and/or sexual abuse. Our results identify clusters of individuals who exhibit differences in their phenotypic profile and reveal different patterns of associations between SUD-related phenotypes and the genetic liability for mental health-related traits, which may help explain part of the heterogeneity observed in SUD. In our SUD sample, we found associations linking the genetic liability for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with lower educational attainment, the genetic liability for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with higher rates of unemployment, the genetic liability for educational attainment with lower rates of criminal records and unemployment, and the genetic liability for well-being with lower rates of outpatient treatments and fewer problems related to family and social relationships. We also found evidence of PGS-environment interactions showing that genetic liability for suicide attempts worsened the psychiatric status in SUD individuals with a history of emotional physical and/or sexual abuse. Collectively, these data contribute to a better understanding of the role of genetic liability for mental health-related conditions and adverse life experiences in SUD heterogeneity.

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Age at onset and age at treatment of alcohol use disorders: Associations with educational level and intelligence

Cited by 4 publications

References 49 publications

Alcohol Use and Misuse Among Chinese Psychiatrists During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic

Alcohol Use and Misuse Among Chinese Psychiatrists During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic

Disentangling heterogeneity in Substance Use Disorders: Insights from Genome-Wide Polygenic Scores

Disentangling heterogeneity in substance use disorder: Insights from genome-wide polygenic scores

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