Age at First Birth and Psychiatric Disorders in Low-Income Pregnant Women

Tabet, Maya; Flick, Louise H.; Cook, Cynthia A. Loveland; Xian, Hong; Chang, Jen Jen

doi:10.1089/jwh.2015.5236

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Our investigation also identified an association between AFB and PTSD: genetically predicted young maternal AFB is associated with an increase of PTSD risk. This is consistent with epidemiologic observations of an inverse association between maternal AFB and psychiatric distress: mothers giving birth in their teens have an increased risk of a lifetime behavior disorder, PTSD, or an anxiety disorder compared to women who were older at first birth [ 49 ]. The AFB–PTSD correlation is due to a genome-wide genetic overlap that includes thousands of independent variants, which is different from the body shape result, which was influenced by a small number of variants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

A putative causal relationship between genetically determined female body shape and posttraumatic stress disorder

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe nature and underlying mechanisms of the observed increased vulnerability to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in women are unclear.MethodsWe investigated the genetic overlap of PTSD with anthropometric traits and reproductive behaviors and functions in women. The analysis was conducted using female-specific summary statistics from large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and a cohort of 3577 European American women (966 PTSD cases and 2611 trauma-exposed controls). We applied a high-resolution polygenic score approach and Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate genetic correlations and causal relationships.ResultsWe observed an inverse association of PTSD with genetically determined anthropometric traits related to body shape, independent of body mass index (BMI). The top association was related to BMI-adjusted waist circumference (WCadj; R = –0.079, P < 0.001, Q = 0.011). We estimated a relative decrease of 64.6% (95% confidence interval = 27.5–82.7) in the risk of PTSD per 1-SD increase in WCadj. MR-Egger regression intercept analysis showed no evidence of pleiotropic effects in this association (Ppleiotropy = 0.979). We also observed associations of genetically determined WCadj with age at first sexual intercourse and number of sexual partners (P = 0.013 and P < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionsThere is a putative causal relationship between genetically determined female body shape and PTSD, which could be mediated by evolutionary mechanisms involved in human sexual behaviors.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13073-017-0491-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

A putative causal relationship between genetically determined female body shape and posttraumatic stress disorder

et al. 2017

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“…The dissipation of the association after controlling for comorbidity indicates the lack of specificity of the association between maternal age and mood disorder symptoms. Other studies 25 have reported an increased risk of behavior disorders, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder in low-income mothers who gave birth in their teens, and it is worth considering how this could impact their offspring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 Alternatively, rather than genetic origins, the association between child psychopathology and younger parental ages is assumed to result from psychosocial factors, including poorer health behaviors during pregnancy and after birth, the potential suboptimal child-rearing environment secondary to the economic and educational disadvantage that parents suffer as a result of early parenthood (especially mothers 24 ). In addition, mothers who give birth in their teens are 2.5 times more likely to have a behavioral disorder themselves, 25 which could suggest genetic susceptibility that could be transmitted to their children, or be the result of having children at a young age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental Age and Offspring Psychopathology in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort

Merikangas

Calkins

Bilker

et al. 2017

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

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Objective Increasing evidence implicates advanced paternal age at offspring birth in neuropsychiatric disorders. Advanced maternal age has also been associated with schizophrenia and other neurodevelopmental disorders, whereas younger maternal age has been linked with behavioral disorders. Few studies have considered the specificity of the associations with respect to comorbidity. In addition, most prior studies have been conducted in clinical samples or registries that may reflect more severe forms of psychopathology. The aim of this research is to examine the independent and joint associations of maternal and paternal age with specific subtypes of psychopathology in offspring in a pediatric sample of adolescents with emergent psychiatric syndromes. Method 8,725 youths (age 8–21) from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort were included in the analyses. Logistic regression models with parental age predicting offspring psychopathology were adjusted for sociodemographic factors and comorbid disorders. Results We found that younger parental ages were generally associated with increased rates of offspring psychopathology. After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidity, both younger maternal and paternal ages were associated with behavior syndromes and psychosis in youth, whereas advanced paternal age was associated with pervasive developmental disorders/autism spectrum disorder (PDD/ASD). Conclusion These findings suggest that both younger and older parental age at birth are associated with specific forms of psychopathology in offspring. The persistence of the influence of parental age after control for demographic factors and an index of social environment suggests that additional explanations for these findings should be examined in future studies.

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“…For example, couple relationship satisfaction is associated with maternal sociodemographic factors, such as age ( Hershkowitz et al, 2017 ) and educational background ( Blum and Mehrabian, 1999 ). These maternal sociodemographic factors as well as prior PTSD have been shown to also be risk factors for postpartum PTSD in community samples ( Grekin and O’Hara, 2014 ; Tabet et al, 2016 ). Negative life events and mental health problems prior to birth (and PTSD in particular) are strong risk factors for postpartum PTSD, as well as for relationship dissatisfaction ( Grekin and O’Hara, 2014 ; Lian et al, 2014 ; Tabet et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These maternal sociodemographic factors as well as prior PTSD have been shown to also be risk factors for postpartum PTSD in community samples ( Grekin and O’Hara, 2014 ; Tabet et al, 2016 ). Negative life events and mental health problems prior to birth (and PTSD in particular) are strong risk factors for postpartum PTSD, as well as for relationship dissatisfaction ( Grekin and O’Hara, 2014 ; Lian et al, 2014 ; Tabet et al, 2016 ). Regarding infant factors, temperament is related to maternal sensitivity and parenting, both of which are related to the couple relationship ( Lee, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Impact of Postpartum Posttraumatic Stress and Depression Symptoms on Couples’ Relationship Satisfaction: A Population-Based Prospective Study

et al. 2018

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The couple relationship is of particular importance in the transition to parenthood and in the early childhood years because it is related to the well-being and mental health of partners, children, and the family. One factor that may substantially influence relationship quality and couple satisfaction after childbirth is the woman’s experience of birth. Approximately 2–4% of women develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after childbirth, with potentially wide-ranging negative consequences for the women themselves and their families. To date, some qualitative studies have explored the influence of postpartum PTSD on couple relationship satisfaction. However, quantitative studies are sparse, with mixed results and methodological limitations. We hypothesized that postpartum PTSD will be prospectively associated with low couple relationship satisfaction, even when taking into account a variety of potential confounding variables, and that the effect of postpartum PTSD symptoms on couple relationship satisfaction will be mediated by postpartum depression symptoms. This study is based on data from the Akershus Birth Cohort study, a prospective cohort study. Information from hospital records and questionnaires completed at 17 weeks gestational age, as well as at 8 weeks and 2 years postpartum were used (n = 1480). PTSD symptoms were measured by the Impact of Event Scale and couple relationship satisfaction was assessed using a modified version of the Mehrabians Marital Satisfaction Scale. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Data were analyzed using bivariate correlations, multivariate regression analyses, and mediation analyses. Postpartum PTSD symptoms were prospectively related to low couple relationship satisfaction at 2 years postpartum, even when controlling for a considerable number of background factors. When including postpartum depression symptoms as predictor in the analyses, the effect of postpartum PTSD was no longer significant. Moreover, more detailed analyses showed that postpartum depression symptoms acted as a significant mediator, fully explaining the association of postpartum PTSD with couples’ relationship satisfaction. Early detection of couples’ relationship problems and the provision of professional help, particularly in high-risk couples may not only improve the quality of the couple relationship but also improve parenting and promote positive child outcomes.

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Age at First Birth and Psychiatric Disorders in Low-Income Pregnant Women

Cited by 13 publications

References 49 publications

A putative causal relationship between genetically determined female body shape and posttraumatic stress disorder

A putative causal relationship between genetically determined female body shape and posttraumatic stress disorder

Parental Age and Offspring Psychopathology in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort

The Impact of Postpartum Posttraumatic Stress and Depression Symptoms on Couples’ Relationship Satisfaction: A Population-Based Prospective Study

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