Age and temperature regulation of humans in neutral and cold environments.

Wagner, J. A.; Robinson, Sarah; Marino, R P

doi:10.1152/jappl.1974.37.4.562

Cited by 139 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…According to Tochihara et al (1993), the finger skin temperature of elderly females during cold exposures of 10°C was significantly higher than those of young females. Wagner et al (1974) reported that finger blood flows were higher in older men than in boys at the T air of 16-17°C. Collins et al (1977) concluded that vasoconstriction in the hand deteriorated with age through a 4-year-follow-up longitudinal study with a group of the elderly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Collins et al (1977) concluded that vasoconstriction in the hand deteriorated with age through a 4-year-follow-up longitudinal study with a group of the elderly. Younger subjects rapidly reacted to cold stress by increasing their metabolic rates and minimizing peripheral heat loss by rapid cutaneous vasoconstriction, whereas older men did not increase their metabolic rates to the same extent as younger subjects, and they were less able to maintain their body heat stores by cutaneous vasoconstriction (Wagner et al, 1974). The elderly have a less effective response to cold exposure with a less effective peripheral vasoconstriction (Anderson et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does Wearing Thermal Underwear in Mild Cold Affect Skin Temperatures and Perceived Thermal Sensation in the Hands and Feet of the Elderly?

Lee

Kim

Jeong-Wha

et al. 2008

J Physiol Anthropol

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The present study was to investigate whether increasing thermal insulation affects thermal sensation in the hands and feet; and whether aging is an influential factor in the relationship between thermal responses and subjective thermal perceptions. Six young males (YM), 5 young females (YF), 6 elderly males (OM), and 6 elderly females (OF) volunteered as subjects. Subjects conducted two trials at a constant air temperature of 19°C: One condition included thermal underwear (19CUW) while the other did not (19C). The results showed that (1) rectal temperature (T re ) did not show any significant differences between conditions with and without thermal underwear. The T re of the OF was greater than that of the YF (pϽ0.05) for the 19C condition, while the young and elderly male groups showed similar values. (2) The hand and foot skin temperatures (T hand , T foot ) were greater in the OF than in the YF group for the 19C condition ( pϽ0.001). (3) For overall thermal sensation, the OF group was less sensitive to differences between the 19CUW and 19C condition, when compared with the old male and young groups. (4) For thermal sensation in the hands and feet, the elderly groups were less sensitive than the YF. In particular, all elderly females felt the hands were thermally neutral, even in the 19C condition. (5) Hand thermal sensation for the OF group appeared to be irrelevant to T hand . (6) Thermal preference of the elderly groups did not change significantly after adding thermal underwear compared to the young group. In conclusion, wearing thermal underwear in mild cold did not affect local skin temperatures and thermal sensation in the hands and feet for the elderly male and female groups. Adding thermal underwear in mild cold affected the hand skin temperature and thermal sensation of the young female group. In particular, elderly females had specific features concerning local skin temperatures and thermal sensations distinguished from elderly males and young groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Wearing Thermal Underwear in Mild Cold Affect Skin Temperatures and Perceived Thermal Sensation in the Hands and Feet of the Elderly?

Lee

Kim

Jeong-Wha

et al. 2008

J Physiol Anthropol

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“…However, after the core temperature stabilized fo llo wing the posture change the introduction of hypoxia had no further effect. Prev ious studies that proposed acute hypoxia to decrease core temperature also found a 0.4 ℃ decrease, although, the methods used in these studies did not control for posture [1,2,5]. Subjects in these studies transitioned fro m standing to lying when exposed to hypoxia.…”

Section: Posture Not Acute Hypoxia Decreases Core Temperaturementioning

confidence: 94%

When Posture is Controlled, Acute Hypoxia does not Decrease Core Temperature

Dalton¹,

Brautigam²,

Buono³

2012

ALS

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It has been reported that acute hypoxia causes a reduction in core temperature in humans. It was hypothesized that this occurs due to both a decrease in metabolic rate and an increase in skin b lood flo w. Ho wever, other studies have found that core temperature decreases with changes in posture. The methods in prev ious studies finding hypo xia to decrease core temperature did not control for postural changes. Thus, further examination is warranted to examine the effect of hypo xia on core temperature while controlling for posture change. Ten healthy adults, between the ages of 18 and 45 were recruited to participate. Subjects completed one trial consisting of breathing normo xic air (20.9%) for a 2 hour period and hypoxic air for a 1 hour period, while systematically changing posture. During this time core temperature and skin blood flow were recorded every 5 minutes. The results showed that mean core body temperature significantly (p < 0.05) decreased by 0.4℃ when the subjects transitioned from a standing to lying position. Ho wever, acute hypoxia, which reduced the mean o xygen saturation to 85%, d id not significantly affect core temperature. Such results suggest that when posture is controlled, acute hypoxia does not significantly decrease core body temperature. Thus, the results of previous studies that have reported decreases in core temperature with acute hypoxia, but failed to control for posture, need to be questioned.

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“…The way that humans can cope with extreme environmental stressors is of great interest to understand some pathologies and also to adapt our approach to the elderly (Mogford et al 2002;Wagner et al 1974;Analitis et al 2008). Parachute jumping is considered as a "real-world acute emotional stress" or "life-threatening" event (Mujica-Parodi et al 2009a, b;Dikecligil and Mujica-Parodi 2010) and thus commonly used as a model to assess the physiological mechanisms involved in the acute stress response (Dikecligil and Mujica-Parodi 2010; Hare et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%