Age- and Sex-Specific Physical Fitness Reference and Association with Body Mass Index in Hong Kong Chinese Schoolchildren

Yip, Ka Man; Wong, Sam W.S.; Chua, Gilbert T.; So, Hung‐Kwan; Ho, Frederick K.; Wong, Rosa S.; Tung, Keith T. S.; Chan, Elaine Y. N.; Tso, Winnie W. Y.; Chow, Bik Chu; Fung, Gabriel Pui Cheong; Wong, Wilfred Hing Sang; Ip, Patrick

doi:10.3390/ijerph192215346

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…To get information regarding the PA improvements, the participants completed, before and after the intervention, tests that have been frequently used in similar studies. Each test assesses different components of physical fitness ( Stodden et al, 2015 ; Tabacchi et al, 2016 ; Di Maglie et al, 2022 ; Yip et al, 2022 ): the standing long jump test ( Davies, 1990 ), Push-ups ( Yip et al, 2022 ); Sit-ups ( Zheng et al, 2023 ), and Vameval test ( Cazorla and Léger, 1993 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of adapted physical education sessions on the empathy of female students with overweight

Slimi,

Marsigliante,

Ciardo

et al. 2023

Front. Psychol.

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The global prevalence of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity increases rapidly. Physical activity plays a major role in the prevention of obesity. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of adapted basketball sessions according to the empathic capacity of adolescent girls with overweight. Forty-two girls with overweight (age: 16.09 ± 0.85; years; height: 1.64 ± 0.67 m: weight: 73.02 ± 0.61 kg; BMI: 27.15 ± 1.37) volunteered to participate in the study and were randomly assigned to the experimental group (EG, n = 21) and control group (CG, n = 21). EG was submitted to a basketball intervention adapted to students with obesity while the CG performed classic basketball exercises for 7 weeks. Each week girls had 2 basketball teaching-learning sessions, lasting 50 min. The participants’ empathy was assessed before and after the intervention using the Favre CEC. The results showed that adaptation intervention was associated with a significant emotional contagion decrease (Δ% = 0.466) and splitting with emotions (Δ% = 0.375), and with an empathy increase (Δ% = 1.387), in EG compared to CG. No significant difference was assessed in the empathy CG, before and after the intervention. This study demonstrated that adapted physical education classes could be an effective strategy to improve empathetic skills and inclusion of overweight girls as well as a means to prevent obesity.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of adapted physical education sessions on the empathy of female students with overweight

Slimi,

Marsigliante,

Ciardo

et al. 2023

Front. Psychol.

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“…The GAMLSS model consists of three components which are represented by four parameters: (1) location (µ), median; (2) scale (variability σ); (3) shape (skewness ν and kurtosis τ). Distributions available include normal distribution (NO) with only location and scale; Box-Cox-Cole-Green (BCCG) distribution with location, scale and skewness, where ν is equivalent to Box-Cox power λ; Box-Cox-power-exponential (BCPE) distribution which is an extension of BCCG distribution including kurtosis 18 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Standardized measurements have been reported for schoolchildren above 6 years old from various populations 14 – 18 . However, literature addressing reference data of MP among preschoolers (3–5 years old) is rather scarce 7 , 19 – 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative values of motor performance and their relationship with BMI status in Hong Kong preschoolers

Yip,

So,

Tung

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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This study aimed to establish sex- and age-specific reference values for motor performance (MP) in Hong Kong preschoolers aged 3–5 years old and examine the relationship between MP and BMI status. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 5579 preschoolers in Hong Kong. Three MP tests were administered, and height and weight information were collected. GAMLSS was used to compute the normative values of the motor tests. Boys outperformed girls in activities requiring muscle strength and power, while girls outperformed boys in activities requiring balance and coordination. The MP scores increased with age for both overarm beanbag throw and standing long jump for both sexes, while the one-leg balance scores showed larger differences between P50 and P95 in older preschoolers. Children with excessive weight performed worse in standing long jump and one-leg balance compared to their healthy weight peers. This study provides valuable information on the MP of preschoolers in Hong Kong, including sex- and age-specific reference values and the association between BMI status and MP scores. These findings can serve as a reference for future studies and clinical practice and highlight the importance of promoting motor skill development in preschoolers, particularly those who are overweight or obese.

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“…Fifty-two of the participants were female, and 59 were male. Their average body mass index ( M = 17.49, SD = 3.32) was typical for their age (Yip et al, 2022). The four participating classes were randomly divided into experimental ( n = 57) and control ( n = 54) groups by drawing lots, and each consisted of two classes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of children's motivation and physical activity levels with flipped learning during physical education lessons

Yip

Cheng

Cheung

2023

European Physical Education Review

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Flipped learning is a pedagogical approach that directs instruction from a group to an individual learning space. This approach can stimulate students’ motivation, promote adequate physical activity levels, and reduce sedentary (SED) behaviour. Addressing the literature gap regarding the correlations among these factors in school physical education (PE), this study aimed to examine the association of students’ motivation, physical activity levels, and SED behaviour with flipped learning in a four-lesson learning unit. Framed by self-determination theory, a quasi-experimental design was adopted to measure and compare the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), SED, and motivation levels of 111 primary school students aged between 10 and 11 years ( mean = 10.07, standard deviation = .26) in Hong Kong. Fifty-two of the participants were female, and 59 were male. They were randomly assigned to experimental ( n = 57) and control ( n = 54) groups, in which a flipped learning approach was adopted in the experimental group for two weeks. A questionnaire survey and accelerometers were used to measure participants’ motivation (autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, and amotivation) and their physical activity levels. The findings revealed significantly higher MVPA levels and lower SED levels in the experimental group. Autonomous motivation was found to have a positive correlation with MVPA levels and a negative correlation with SED levels, indicating a positive predictor of the two. The findings of this study reveal the potential of flipped learning to enhance students’ MVPA and reduce their SED behaviour during primary school PE lessons.

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Age- and Sex-Specific Physical Fitness Reference and Association with Body Mass Index in Hong Kong Chinese Schoolchildren

Cited by 7 publications

References 54 publications

The effects of adapted physical education sessions on the empathy of female students with overweight

The effects of adapted physical education sessions on the empathy of female students with overweight

Normative values of motor performance and their relationship with BMI status in Hong Kong preschoolers

The association of children's motivation and physical activity levels with flipped learning during physical education lessons

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