Age and sex influences on MMPI profile peak distributions on an abnormal population.

Aaronson, Bernard S.

doi:10.1037/h0041825

Cited by 46 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The relatively young age of the head-trauma patients compared to other neurological groups may be important. MMPI Pd elevations are more frequently seen in younger than in older samples (39), and the current Pd elevation may be due to an interaction of age and sex variables with the stress of a major trauma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sex Differences in Emotional Status of Traumatically Brain-Injured Patients

Burton

Volpe

1988

Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair

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At an average post-trauma time of more than 2 years, male but not female headtrauma patients demonstrated significant emotional disturbance. A distress syndrome characterized by impulsivity, depression, anxiety, and a report of unusual experiences was suggested by Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) data. Although residual neurological sequelae contributed to some portion of the scale elevations, the feature that appeared to distinguish the present male head-trauma patient from other neurological groups described in the literature was the MMPI psychopathic deviate (Pd) scale elevation, suggesting significantly greater impulsivity in the current male head-trauma patients. Computed tomography scan data suggest that the Pd elevation was not related to frontal lobe damage. Premorbid emotional difficulties as well as a reaction to the head trauma itself, moderated by age and sex variables, may both contribute to the current suggestion of high impulsivity in these male patients. Key Words: Head traumaImpulsivity—Emotions.Head trauma is primarily a young people's disorder, occurring 62% of the time in the 10-30-year age group, with a second peak usually reported in the elderly (1). It is the third leading cause of death for people under the age of 38 (2). Furthermore, men are more frequently involved, with a male-to-female ratio of 2 or 3 to 1 usually reported (1,3,4). Given the relatively high incidence of new cases, the young age of most of the victims, and the increasing indications of long-lasting disability, further understanding of the specific emotional nature of the head-trauma population is clearly warranted, in order to determine treatment strategies that might aid these people in reentering the community in a productive manner.The long-term social and emotional consequences of head trauma have been described by several researchers. Thomsen (5) studied head-trauma patients over a 10-year period and reported persistence of emotional lability, irritability, listlessness, and generally disturbed behavior. One-fifth were overly aggressive or sexually disinhibited. Lezak (6) reported a pattern of persisting behavioral and social dysfunction in male head-trauma patients with no prior psychiatric history studied up to 5 years post-trauma. As long as 2 years after trauma, a decrease in social functioning was reported by Oddy and Humphrey (7), although 90% of these patients were working in some capacity. Emotional and behavioral problems increase in the year after injury, whereas physical problems decrease (8). Levin and Grossman (9) administered the brief psychiatric rating scale to headtrauma patients and found increased thinking disturbance and withdrawal-retardation related to severity of injury. At least 6 months after injury, these factors were also related to socioeconomic dependence (10).It is of note that Humphrey and Oddy (11) indicate a relationship between preexisting personality problems and a decreased probability of returning to work. The issue of premorbid personality disturbat FLOR...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sex Differences in Emotional Status of Traumatically Brain-Injured Patients

Burton

Volpe

1988

Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair

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“…Early in the history of MMPI research, age was mentioned as an important factor deserving of more attention (Aaronson, 1958;Applezweig, 1953;Brozek, 1955;Calden & Hokason, 1959;Levy, Southcombe, Cranor, & Freeman, 1952). In the past decade, differences between the MMPI profiles of adults and adolescents have been examined thoroughly (e.g., Green, 1980;Marks, Seeman, & Haller, 1974;Watson, Harris, Johnson, & LaBeck, 1983).…”

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confidence: 99%

Age differences in MMPI scale scores from 1,189 psychiatric patients

1984

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Investigated age‐related differences in MMPI scale scores from 1,189 individuals (ages 20 to 64 years) who were applying for psychiatric treatment. All major scales except L, K, D, and SI showed statistically significant age group differences. In general, older patients had higher scores on HS and HY, while younger patients had higher scores on F, PD, PA, PT, SC, MA. These results underscore the importance of the age of the patient in the clinical interpretation of an individual protocol.

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“…( 8 ) The MMPI scales were developed in the Midwest and have been accepted as a measurement of personality dimensions relevant to that area; they are less accepted as a reflection of personality patterns purported to be more typical of other regions of the U. S. Black ( 2 ) and Goodstein ( 5 ) investigated profile characteristics of college students in various regions of the U. S. No reliable differences were found, although the profiles were determined to be characteristic of college students as a group. Similarly, Smith(8) examined the RlMPI profiles of prisoners in various state institutions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Regional and sex differences in MMPI scale high-point frequencies of psychiatric patients

Webb

1971

J. Clin. Psychol.

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Age and sex influences on MMPI profile peak distributions on an abnormal population.

Cited by 46 publications

References 3 publications

Sex Differences in Emotional Status of Traumatically Brain-Injured Patients

Sex Differences in Emotional Status of Traumatically Brain-Injured Patients

Age differences in MMPI scale scores from 1,189 psychiatric patients

Regional and sex differences in MMPI scale high-point frequencies of psychiatric patients

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