“…Despite these studies on human tissues and animal models thought to mimic this disease, a clear sex-specific profile for IDCM has yet to be determined. Human cardiac tissue studies have been particularly fraught with discrepancies between research groups, with noted differences from animal models (5,7,8,10,22,24,26,34,35,39,47,49,56,58,62,70,71). Factors contributing to these discrepancies may include the lack of quality samples from which good-quality RNA can be obtained as well as the lack of access to medical histories.…”