Age and origin of Australian Bennelongia (Crustacea, Ostracoda)

Schön, Isa; Shearn, Rylan; Martens, Koen; Koenders, Annette; Halse, S. A.

doi:10.1007/s10750-014-2159-z

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…For example, in the family Cyprididae, distances between 18S sequences vary from 2% (within genus) to 11% (between genera) (Kong et al 2014); while in Polycopidae the same marker has approximately 3% intragenic and 10% intergeneric variability (Tanaka et al 2014; Karanovic et al 2016). The distances between COI sequences of the four Baikal candonids are within the range of those observed for other ostracods and crustaceans in general (Lefébure et al 2006; Schön and Martens 2012; Schön et al 2015, 2017). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Morphological and molecular diversity of Lake Baikal candonid ostracods, with description of a new genus

Karanovic¹,

Sitnikova²

2017

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Uncoupling between molecular and morphological evolution is common in many animal and plant lineages. This is especially frequent among groups living in ancient deep lakes, because these ecosystems promote rapid morphological diversification, and has already been demonstrated for Tanganyika cychlid fishes and Baikal amphipods. Ostracods are also very diverse in these ecosystems, with 107 candonid species described so far from Baikal, majority of them in the genera Candona Baird, 1845 and Pseudocandona Kaufmann, 1900. Here we study their morphological and molecular diversity based on four genes (two nuclear and two mitochondrial), 10 species from the lake, and 28 other species from around the world. The results of our phylogenetic analysis based on a concatenated data set, along with sequence diversity, support only two genetic lineages in the lake and indicate that a majority of the Baikal Candona and Pseudocandona species should be excluded from these genera. We describe a new genus, Mazepovacandona gen. n., to include five Baikal species, all redescribed here. We also amend the diagnosis for the endemic genus Baicalocandona Mazepova, 1972 and redescribe two species. Our study confirms an exceptional morphological diversity of Lake Baikal candonids and shows that both Baikal lineages are closely related to Candona, but only distantly to Pseudocandona.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Morphological and molecular diversity of Lake Baikal candonid ostracods, with description of a new genus

Karanovic¹,

Sitnikova²

2017

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“…Interestingly, this ostracod showed different patterns of distribution between the two habitat types in damp sediment in different wetlands, although the effect of the drying treatment was the same across all wetlands. Recent research shows that the genus Bennelongia has high levels of cryptic diversity in south-western Australia (Schon et al 2015), so it is possible that the variable distribution patterns we observed among wetlands were caused by inadvertently pooling more than one Bennelongia species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Fringing trees may provide a refuge from prolonged drying for urban wetland invertebrates

2016

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Climate change is causing prolonged drying in many seasonal wetlands, including urban wetlands, potentially affecting aquatic invertebrates that take refuge in wetland sediment during dry periods and thereby threatening wetland biodiversity. We collected sediment from two habitats: open water (OW) and fringing trees (FT), in eight urban wetlands after seasonal inundation had ended. Both habitats are inundated during winter-spring and dry in summer-autumn. Each sediment sample was divided into subsamples. One set of subsamples were inundated in the laboratory to test the hypothesis that emerging invertebrate assemblages would differ between OW and FT sediments. Another set of subsamples was dried, stored for a year, and inundated to test the hypothesis that prolonged drying would reduce the abundance and taxa richness of emerging invertebrates. The composition of emerging invertebrate assemblages differed between habitats, with more amphibious species found in FT sediment. Invertebrate responses to prolonged drying and storage varied among species: for some, effects depended on habitat type, while others delayed emergence or showed no response. Microcrustacean abundance was unaffected by drying, suggesting that their productivity during refilling may resist drier water regimes. Surface temperatures of dry sediment are cooler beneath FT, and this sediment has higher organic matter, holds more water and is less dense than OW sediment; and FT sediment remained cooler than OW sediment in the laboratory, despite the absence of shading. Fringing trees may therefore provide a refuge for some freshwater invertebrates relying on dormant stages in the sediment to survive drying in urban wetlands.

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“…In addition, a study based on 18S rRNA stipulated a high incongruence between fossil and molecular divergence time estimates in this group, partly due to the controversial taxonomy of fossil ostracods (Tinn & Oakley, 2008). Consequently, studies attempting to estimate divergence times in ostracods mostly applied universal invertebrate COI molecular clock rates proposed by Wilke, Schultheiß, and Albrecht (2009) (see Schön, Shearn, Martens, Koenders, & Halse, 2015), or rates calculated for some ostracod lineages (Schön, Martens, van Doninck, & Butlin, 2003) based on COI and ITS markers. The study of the evolutionary history and phylogenetic relationships of Lake Baikal and Lake Tanganyika Cytherocopina by Schön and Martens (2012) exerted several dating methods in order to compare the divergence times of this ostracod group in two ancient lakes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic position and age of Lake Baikal candonids (Crustacea, Ostracoda) inferred from multigene sequence analyzes and molecular dating

Karanovic

Sitnikova

2017

Ecology and Evolution

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With 104 endemic species family Candonidae is one of the most diverse crustacean groups in Lake Baikal, yet their phylogenetic relationships and position in the family have not been addressed so far. Here, we study the phylogenetic position of Baikal candonids within the family and their evolutionary history using molecular markers for the first time since their original description. We choose 10 Baikal and 28 species from around the world, and three ribosomal RNA‐s (18S, 28S, and 16S), and analyze individual and concatenated datasets using Bayesian Inference in MrBayes and BEAST. For molecular divergence time estimates, four fossil records are used to calibrate the root and three internal nodes. The 28S dataset is tested under the strict molecular clock, while for other data we use relaxed clocks. Resulting trees show incongruence between molecular and fossil divergence time estimates, with the former suggesting older ages. Strict molecular clock analysis results in narrower node age confidence intervals and younger time estimates than other analysis. All trees support at least two candonid lineages in Baikal, with two independent colonization events, and 28S suggests a major radiation between 12 and 5 Mya. This divergence time estimate mostly agrees with another, unrelated, ostracod group in the lake and other lake animals as well. Baikal candonid clades show a close phylogenetic relationship with Palearctic lineages, but their deep divergence is indicative of separate genera. Results also suggest a monophyly of tribes that today live exclusively in subterranean waters, and we offer several hypotheses of their evolutionary history.

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Age and origin of Australian Bennelongia (Crustacea, Ostracoda)

Cited by 8 publications

References 90 publications

Morphological and molecular diversity of Lake Baikal candonid ostracods, with description of a new genus

Morphological and molecular diversity of Lake Baikal candonid ostracods, with description of a new genus

Fringing trees may provide a refuge from prolonged drying for urban wetland invertebrates

Phylogenetic position and age of Lake Baikal candonids (Crustacea, Ostracoda) inferred from multigene sequence analyzes and molecular dating

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