Age and impulsive behavior in drug addiction: A review of past research and future directions

Argyriou, Evangelia; Um, Miji; Carron, Claire R.; Cyders, Melissa A.

doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2017.07.013

Cited by 83 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 208 publications

(306 reference statements)

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“…Authors of these studies suggested that protracted stress-related impulse control problems in patients with SUDs may contribute to increased relapse vulnerability [61,64]. Impulse control represents one of the major behavioural elements of emotion regulation [59] and impulsivity has been identified in a large number of studies as an important component of addictive processes [61,64,109,110]. Impulse refers to impulse control difficulties, in other words problems controlling one's own behaviour, when experiencing intense negative emotions [111].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotion dysregulation and internalizing symptoms affect relationships between ADHD symptoms and borderline personality features among male patients with substance use disorders

Evren

Karabulut

Alniak

et al. 2019

Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship of borderline personality features (BPFs) with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among male patients with substance use disorder (SUD) and to evaluate the impact of emotion dysregulation on this relationship. We also wanted to control the effects of depression and state anxiety. METHOD: Participants included 305 treatment-seeking male patients with SUD. Participants were evaluated by applying the Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI), the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). RESULTS: Age, duration of education, marital status, employment status, age at first and age at regular substance use did not differ between those with probable borderline personality disorder (BPD) (n = 155, 50.8%) and those without probable BPD (n = 150, 49.2%). Probable ADHD risk was 3.5 times higher among those with probable BPD. Also ADHD, DERS, depression and anxiety scores were higher in this group with probable BPD. Scale scores were mild and moderately correlated with each other. In hierarchical regression analysis severity of ADHD symptoms (particularly hyperactivity/impulsivity [HI] dimension), together with difficulties in emotion regulation (particularly impulse control difficulties), depression and trait anxiety predicted the severity of BPFs. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the severity of HI symptoms of ADHD is related with the BPFs, while difficulties in emotion regulation, particularly impulse control difficulties, partially mediate this relationship among patients with SUD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotion dysregulation and internalizing symptoms affect relationships between ADHD symptoms and borderline personality features among male patients with substance use disorders

Evren

Karabulut

Alniak

et al. 2019

Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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“…In short, when discussing control, there ought to be a sole focus on assessable qualities such as impulsivity, understood as the capacity to restrain and inhibit one's behaviour. By addressing such qualities, empirical studies have aimed to gain insight into the motives and processes underlying control and choice [42]. There is a clear association between addiction and impulsivity, suggesting that addicts have less control over their choices than non-addicted individuals.…”

Section: The Apparent Debatementioning

confidence: 99%

The (in)Significance of the Addiction Debate

Goldberg

2019

Neuroethics

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Substance addiction affects millions of individuals worldwide and yet there is no consensus regarding its conceptualisation. Recent neuroscientific developments fuel the view that addiction can be classified as a brain disease, whereas a different body of scholars disagrees by claiming that addictive behaviour is a choice. These two models, the Brain Disease Model and the Choice Model, seem to oppose each other directly. This article contends the belief that the two models in the addiction debate are polar opposites. It shows that it is not the large amount of addiction research in itself what sets the models apart, but rather their extrapolated conclusions. Moreover, some of the most fiercely debated aspects -for instance, whether or not addiction should be classified as a disease or disorder -are irrelevant for the conceptualisation of addiction. Instead, the real disagreement is shown to revolve around capacities. Discussing addiction-related capacities, especially regarding impaired control, rather than the assumed juxtaposition of the two models can be considered the true addiction debate. More insight into the extent to which the capacities of the addicted individual were affected would be highly useful in various other areas, especially legal responsibility.

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“…Orexin signaling has also been shown to modulate glutamatergic thalamocortical synapses that ultimately alter acetylcholine and glutamate release in the prefrontal cortex (Calva and Fadel, 2018;Lambe et al, 2005), a part of the brain thought to be crucial for inhibitory control. Finally, substance use disorder is characterized by high levels of impulsivity, including response inhibition (Argyriou et al, 2018;Jentsch et al, 2014;Verdejo-Garcia et al, 2008), perhaps pointing to a common role for the orexin system in mediating these processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The orexin-1 receptor antagonist SB-334867 reduces motivation, but not inhibitory control, in a rat stop signal task

Wiskerke

James

Aston‐Jones

2018

Preprint

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Authors contributed equallyHighlights  Orexin-1 receptor antagonists hold great promise for treatment of drug addiction  These compounds are thought to reduce motivation for drug seeking  Less is known about effects of orexin-1 receptor blockade on cognitive functioning  We tested the orexin-1 receptor antagonist SB-334867 in a rat stop signal task  SB-334867 reduced task motivation but had little effect on executive control as measured with response inhibition AbstractThere is considerable clinical interest in the neuropeptide orexin/hypocretin for its ability to regulate motivation and reward as well as arousal and wakefulness. For instance, antagonists for the orexin-1 receptor (OxR1) are thought to hold great promise for treating drug addiction and disorders associated with overeating, as these compounds repeatedly have been found to suppress seeking of various drugs of abuse as well as highly palatable foods in preclinical models. Given the hypothesized role of OxR1 signaling in cue-driven motivation, an outstanding question is whether pharmacologically blocking this receptor affects cognitive functioning. Response inhibition -the ability to cancel ongoing behavior -is one aspect of cognitive control that may be particularly relevant. Response inhibition deficits are commonly associated with a range of psychiatric disorders and neurological diseases, including substance use disorders and obesity. Moreover, OxR1 signaling recently has been implicated in waiting impulsivity, another aspect of inhibitory control. Here, we investigated the effects of the OxR1 antagonist SB-334867 on response inhibition in a rat version of the stop signal reaction time task. Results show that acutely blocking OxR1 had minimal effects on response inhibition or attentional functioning. In contrast, this manipulation reduced motivation to perform the task and earn food rewards. These results add to the growing body of literature implicating OxR1 in the regulation of motivation and suggest that effects of pharmacological compounds such as SB-334867 on drug seeking behavior are not related to effects on response inhibition. Abbreviations 5-CSRTT = five choice serial reaction time task DMH/PF = dorsomedial hypothalamus and perifornical area GoRT = Go trial reaction time ICV = intra-individual coefficient of variation LH = lateral hypothalamus MT = movement time OxR1 and OxR2 = orexin-1 and orexin-2 receptors SB = SB-334867, orexin-1 receptor antagonist SSD = stop signal delay SSRT = stop signal reaction time SST = stop signal task WT = stop trial wait time

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Age and impulsive behavior in drug addiction: A review of past research and future directions

Cited by 83 publications

References 208 publications

Emotion dysregulation and internalizing symptoms affect relationships between ADHD symptoms and borderline personality features among male patients with substance use disorders

Emotion dysregulation and internalizing symptoms affect relationships between ADHD symptoms and borderline personality features among male patients with substance use disorders

The (in)Significance of the Addiction Debate

The orexin-1 receptor antagonist SB-334867 reduces motivation, but not inhibitory control, in a rat stop signal task

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