Age and gender influence on perceived olfactory &amp;amp; visual media synchronization

Murray, Niall; Qiao, Yuansong; Lee, Brian; Muntean, Gabriel‐Miro; Karunakar, A. K.

doi:10.1109/icme.2013.6607467

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This research can also include looking at the impact of age, sex, education, working background, etc. on the temporal skews in terms of human perception of mulsemedia content, complementing the research already performed published in [49]. Not last, future work can study the manner in which different parameters related to the various sensorial components influence the user perceived quality of mulsemedia content, including intensity of the stimuli, orientation, duration, distance from the subjects, etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Perceived Synchronization of Mulsemedia Services

Yuan

Muntean

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Multimedia

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Abstract-Multimediasynchronization involves a temporal relationship between audio and visual media components. The presentation of "in-sync" data streams is essential to achieve a natural impression, as "out-of-sync" effects are often associated with user quality of experience (QoE) decrease. Recently, multi-sensory media (mulsemedia) has been demonstrated to provide a highly immersive experience for its users. Unlike traditional multimedia, mulsemedia consists of other media types (i.e., haptic, olfaction, taste, etc.) in addition to audio and visual content. Therefore, the goal of achieving high quality mulsemedia transmission is to present no or little synchronization errors between the multiple media components. In order to achieve this ideal synchronization, there is a need for comprehensive knowledge of the synchronization requirements at the user interface. This paper presents the results of a subjective study carried out to explore the temporal boundaries within which haptic and air-flow media objects can be successfully synchronized with video media. Results show that skews between sensorial media and multimedia might still give the effect that the mulsemedia sequence is "in-sync" and provide certain constraints under which synchronization errors might be tolerated. The outcomes of the paper are used to provide recommendations for mulsemedia service providers in order for their services to be associated with acceptable user experience levels, e.g. haptic media could be presented with a delay of up to 1 s behind video content, while air-flow media could be released either 5 s ahead of or 3 s behind video content.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Perceived Synchronization of Mulsemedia Services

Yuan

Muntean

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Multimedia

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“…The former survey addresses the use of olfaction in less-apparent application domains, such as tourism, health, education, and training, highlighting the very significant potential for olfaction as a mulsemedia component. In addition, it presents a unique tutorial towards building a framework for subjective testing involving olfaction-enhanced multimedia based on expertise gained by Murray et al [2013aMurray et al [ , 2013bMurray 2013] and here. Considering our previous work, where user perception of synchronization of a single olfactory stream and visual media was studied, the focus here is on the user perception of two olfactory streams enhancing audiovisual media: more specifically, the user perception of (1) the same skew sizes between olfaction and audiovisual media (i.e., both olfactory streams early or late by the same amount), (2) varying skew sizes between olfaction and audiovisual media (e.g., one olfactory stream early and one late), and (3) the overlap or mix of two olfactory streams.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of sense of enjoyment per skew with confidence interval based on 99% confidence level[Murray et al 2013b]. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple-Scent Enhanced Multimedia Synchronization

Murray

Lee

Qiao

et al. 2014

ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl.

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This study looked at users' perception of interstream synchronization between audiovisual media and two olfactory streams. The ability to detect skews and the perception and impact of skews on user Quality of Experience (QoE) is analyzed. The olfactory streams are presented with the same skews (i.e., delay) and with variable skews (i.e., jitter and mix of scents). This article reports the limits beyond which desynchronization reduces user-perceived quality levels. Also, a minimum gap between the presentations of consecutive scents is identified, necessary to ensuring enhanced user-perceived quality. There is no evidence (not considering scent type) that overlapping or mixing of scents increases user QoE levels for olfaction-enhanced multimedia.

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“…In follow-up work, synchronization issues were discussed considering a single scent and its relationship with the associated video content in [Murray et al 2014a], the influence on this relationship considering participant age and gender [Murray et al 2013a], of the influence of olfaction on information recall [Ademoye and Ghinea 2013], and of multiple scents and their complex interaction in the presence of synchronized video content in [Murray et al 2014b]. Perceptual testing of olfactionenhanced multimedia content using the same video clips as in [Ademoye and Ghinea 2009] (albeit with the soundtrack removed) and a methodology based on the same work was also reported in detail in [Murray et al 2013b].…”

Section: Impact Of Intermedia Skews On Perceived Olfaction 32mentioning

confidence: 99%

Audio Masking Effect on Inter-Component Skews in Olfaction-Enhanced Multimedia Presentations

Ademoye

Murray

Muntean

et al. 2016

ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl.

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Media rich content plays a vital role in consumer applications today, as these applications try to find new and interesting ways to engage their users. Video, audio and the more traditional forms of media content continue to dominate with respect to the use of media content to enhance the user experience. Tactile interactivity has also now become widely popular in modern computing applications, while our olfactory and gustatory senses continue to have a limited role. However, in recent times there have been significant advancements regarding the use of olfactory media content (i.e. smell), and there are a variety of devices now available to enable its computer-controlled emission. This paper explores the impact of the audio stream on user perception of olfactory-enhanced video content in the presence of skews between the olfactory and video media. This research uses the results from two experimental studies of user-perceived quality of olfactory-enhanced multimedia, where audio was present and absent, respectively. Specifically, the paper shows that the user Quality of Experience (QoE) is generally higher in the absence of audio for nearly-perfect synchronized olfactory-enhanced multimedia presentations (i.e. an olfactory media skew of between {-10,+10s}); however, for greater olfactory media skews (ranging between {-30s;-10s} and {+10s, +30s}) user QoE is higher when the audio stream is present. It can be concluded that the presence of the audio has the ability to mask larger synchronization skews between the other media components in olfaction-enhanced multimedia presentations.

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Age and gender influence on perceived olfactory & visual media synchronization

Cited by 31 publications

References 11 publications

Perceived Synchronization of Mulsemedia Services

Perceived Synchronization of Mulsemedia Services

Multiple-Scent Enhanced Multimedia Synchronization

Audio Masking Effect on Inter-Component Skews in Olfaction-Enhanced Multimedia Presentations

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