Age and Gender Differences with the Anger Expression Scale

Abstract

The Anger Expression Scale (AX) was administered to 150 volunteers ranging in age from 21 to 83 years. Participants were placed into one of three groups on the basis of their chronological age: Young Adult (21 to 39 years), Middle Age (40 to 59 years) and Old (60 to 83 years). The AX yields three scores, anger-in, anger-out and total AX. Each of the three AX scores was analyzed by a 3 (Age Group) x 2 (Gender of Subject) ANCOVA with educational level as the covariate. Results indicated that the Young Adult Group expressed more anger-out than the Old Group, and both the Young Adult and Middle-Age groups had higher total AX than the Old. No significant main effects were observed for the variable anger-in, and no gender differences were found for any of the three variables. Implications of results are discussed.

Aggression Behaviors in Children with and without Hearing Impairment

“…In the subscale of hostility, it has been seen that children with hearing impairment show less hostile behaviors compared to hearing children until 14 years of age. This finding is in line with some other research results (Siegel, 1986;Stoner & Spencer, 1987;Donat Bacıoğlu & Özdemir, 2012). It is also thought that most of the obstacles and problems causing hostility become meaningless as the age of children increases and they do not prefer these aggressive behaviors along with an increase in their problem solving skills.…”

Anger Management And Factors That Influence Anger In Physicians

“…Our results indicate that anger is not directly affected by gender, as noted in previous studies (37)(38)(39). However, we have shown that there are differences in how males and females manage anger as they become older.…”

“…The willingness to choose to be a physician was a main factor influencing anger control, regardless of specialty. Similar to the results of a previous study, age rather than specialty, was a major factor affecting anger management in physicians (34). Because the physicians participating in this study had the same education level, similar living and working environments, incomes, and sociodemographic characteristics, many stress factors could be excluded when interpreting the results.…”

Sex and age cohort differences in patterns of socioemotional functioning in older adults and their links to physical resilience

“…Age-wise, positive emotion appears to increase (Gross et al, 1997;Mroczek, 2001;Mroczek & Kolarz, 1998), and negative emotions decrease (Carstensen et al, 2000;Charles, Reynolds, & Gatz, 2001), at least until a possible turning point sometime between 65 and 80 years (Carstensen et al, 2000;Kunzmann, Little, & Smith, 2000). Particularly salient are reductions in the discrete emotions of anger (Birditt & Fingerman, 2003;Lawton, Kleban, & Dean, 1993;Schieman, 1999;Stoner & Spencer, 1987) shame/shyness Lawton et al, 1993), and possibly sadness (Gross et al, 1997). Again, however, changes after age 65 are mixed and it is unclear whether we should expect age effects in clusters with differing emotional profiles in an exclusively older sample.…”