Age and Body Size in Populations of Two Syntopic Spadefoot Toads (Genus<i>Pelobates</i>) at the Limit of Their Ranges

Cogălniceanu, Dan; Rosioru, Daniela; Székely, Paul; Székely, Diana; Buhaciuc, Elena; Stănescu, Florina; Miaud, Claude

doi:10.1670/13-101

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…One alternative explanation to our results is that annual climate conditions affect the breeding behavior of adult toads. Spadefoot toads reach sexual maturity only after 3–4 years 44 , and can live for 12 years in the wild 45 . Like many anuran species occupying dry habitats, breeding of P. syriacus is explosive, and takes place in temporary pools of water left by rainfall 19 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual climatic fluctuations and short-term genetic variation in the eastern spadefoot toad

Cohen

Ram

Hadany

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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In addition to variations on the spatial scale, short- and long-term temporal variations, too, can impose intense selection on the overall genetic diversity and composition of a population. We hypothesized that the allelic composition in populations of the eastern spadefoot toad (Pelobates syriacus) would change among successive years in accordance with the short-term changes in environmental conditions. Surprisingly, the effect of short-term climate fluctuations on genetic composition have rarely been addressed in the literature, and to our knowledge the effect of annual climatic fluctuations have not been considered meaningful. Our findings show that climatic variation among successive years, primarily the amount of rainfall and rainy days, can significantly alter both microsatellite allelic composition and diversity. We suggest that environmental (i.e. fluctuating) selection is differential across the globe, and that its intensity is expected to be greatest in regions where short-term climatic conditions are least stable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual climatic fluctuations and short-term genetic variation in the eastern spadefoot toad

Cohen

Ram

Hadany

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Under a model of neutral diffusion, that is without any form of selection, the transitions would have exceeded 15 km in 36 generations since the initial contact. Assuming that Pelobates are sexually mature around 3 years (Oliveira, São‐Pedro, Santos‐Barrera, Penone, & Costa, ; Trochet et al, ) and can live up to 15 years (Cogălniceanu et al, ), 36 generations broadly represent 108–540 years. The contact between P. vespertinus and P. fuscus is clearly much older since their respective refugia, located on the western and eastern shores of the Black Sea (Crottini et al, ; Litvinchuk et al, ), are relatively close and connected by direct recolonization routes, without geographic barriers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeography of a cryptic speciation continuum in Eurasian spadefoot toads (Pelobates)

et al. 2019

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Cryptic phylogeographic diversifications provide unique models to examine the role of phylogenetic divergence on the evolution of reproductive isolation, without extrinsic factors such as ecological and behavioural differentiation. Yet, to date very few comparative studies have been attempted within such radiations. Here, we characterize a new speciation continuum in a group of widespread Eurasian amphibians, the Pelobates spadefoot toads, by conducting multilocus (restriction site associated DNA sequencing and mitochondrial DNA) phylogenetic, phylogeographic and hybrid zone analyses. Within the P. syriacus complex, we discovered species‐level cryptic divergences (>5 million years ago [My]) between populations distributed in the Near‐East (hereafter P. syriacus sensu stricto [s.s.]) and southeastern Europe (hereafter P. balcanicus), each featuring deep intraspecific lineages. Altogether, we could scale hybridizability to divergence time along six different stages, spanning from sympatry without gene flow (P. fuscus and P. balcanicus, >10 My), parapatry with highly restricted hybridization (P. balcanicus and P. syriacus s.s., >5 My), narrow hybrid zones (~15 km) consistent with partial reproductive isolation (P. fuscus and P. vespertinus, ~3 My), to extensive admixture between Pleistocene and refugial lineages (≤2 My). This full spectrum empirically supports a gradual build up of reproductive barriers through time, reversible up until a threshold that we estimate at ~3 My. Hence, cryptic phylogeographic lineages may fade away or become reproductively isolated species simply depending on the time they persist in allopatry, and without definite ecomorphological divergence.

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“…Several non-mutually exclusive factors may contribute to SSD in amphibians, such as environmental conditions, phylogeny, genetic drift, or natural and sexual selection (Berven 1982a, b, Marangoni and Tejedo 2008, Cogălniceanu et al 2014. In most anurans, females are larger than males and in overall this is explained by the positive correlation between female body size and reproductive output (Shine 1979, Duellman andTrueb 1986).…”

Section: Intraspecific Differences In Body Size and Age-related Parammentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting life-histories in two syntopic amphibians of the Leptodactylus fuscus group (Heyer 1978)

Marangoni

Courtis

Piñeiro

et al. 2019

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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We used skeletochronology to compare age, size, reproductive parameters and growth patterns of two related, anuran amphibians from Northern Argentina: Leptodactylus bufonius (n=69) and L. latinasus (n=56), in order to better understand their coexistence in syntopy. Previous studies showed that the two species overlap in their dietary requirements and utilize the same habitats for feeding and breeding. We found that their life-history patterns are significantly different, L. bufonius being larger, and having a higher reproductive output and lifespan, compared to the smaller and shorter-living L. latinasus. Since none of the species exhibited sexual size dimorphism, and both acquired sexual maturity after the first year of life, we suggest that the differences in the observed life-history parameters must appear during early stages of development, during larval and/or juvenile stages.

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Age and Body Size in Populations of Two Syntopic Spadefoot Toads (GenusPelobates) at the Limit of Their Ranges

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Annual climatic fluctuations and short-term genetic variation in the eastern spadefoot toad

Annual climatic fluctuations and short-term genetic variation in the eastern spadefoot toad

Phylogeography of a cryptic speciation continuum in Eurasian spadefoot toads (Pelobates)

Contrasting life-histories in two syntopic amphibians of the Leptodactylus fuscus group (Heyer 1978)

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