Age Affects the Mitigating Efficacy of Riboflavin Against Cisplatin-Induced Toxicity In Vivo

Abstract

Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CP), a prominent anticancer drug, exerts toxic insults that are functional to various factors that compromise its antineoplastic activity. Riboflavin (RF) is an essential vitamin and photosensitizer that ameliorates CP-induced toxic insults in vivo in a dose-dependent manner. The aim of the present study is to investigate how age can influence the ameliorative effect of RF against CP-induced toxicity. Ninety male mice were divided into three age groups: young, adult, and old for the present investigation under an established treatment strategy with CP, RF, and their combinations under photoillumination for 1 mo. Their kidneys and serum samples were assessed for redox status [superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl contents, and glutathione-S-transferase], biochemical analysis (renal function markers-nitric oxide), comet assay, and histopathology. The adult group showed not only the strongest resistance against the CP-induced toxicity but also the better ameliorative effect of RF followed by the young and old groups, respectively, with well-maintained redox status concomitant with the level of renal function markers, MDA, and carbonyl contents near the control values. Furthermore, comet assay and histopathological evaluation confirmed the results in a dose-dependent manner. Hence, age is an important patient-related factor that can influence the final clinical outcome under personalized chemoradiotherapy.

Restrained management of copper level enhances the antineoplastic activity of imatinib in vitro and in vivo

“…Furthermore, the manner of transport and intracellular mechanism of action of a drug also differ from one cell line to another that is also attributive in exerting its differential effect on the different cell lines 34 . Additionally, the moderate amount of Cu (II) has been reported in elevation of the oxidative stress in the cells that might push the target cells to undergo either apoptosis or the necrosis 35 – 37 . The low dose of copper causes a lesser degree of DNA damage in the target cells that can be repaired by the adaptive response in the cells that consequently retrograde the antineoplastic activity of ITB as evidenced in the present study 38 .…”

Thymoquinone ameliorates Pachycondyla sennaarensis venom-induced acute toxic shock in male rats

“…Interestingly, the treatment of the plant extract in pre-SAV-dosed rats showed a marked decline in these perturbed serum lipids. Also, MDA levels and GSH, the two most reliable indicators of oxidative stress [14] were significantly altered in SAV- treated rats compared with the corresponding control animals in the liver samples. These results are in agreement with the previous studies [1, 26] suggesting that oxidative stress regardless of its source, induces cellular dysfunction in endothelial and smooth muscle cells leading to a reduction in angiogenesis and the healing process.…”

“…On the other hand, a large number of medicinal plants and their purified constituents as potential therapeutic agents nowadays drawing research-interests among many contemporary researchers. Herbs-based medicines being safer than the ones of the commercial drug depends on their mode of administration, the patient’s history, and their specific disease conditions [13, 14]. As plant extract-based herbal medicines are a mixture of complex constituent compounds and bioactive elements, their mechanism of action is quite different although less invasive as compared to the allopathic counterfeit drugs comprised of well-defined ingredient molecules [15, 16].…”