Agarose Gel Characterization for the Fabrication of Brain Tissue Phantoms for Infrared Multispectral Vision Systems

Abstract

Synthetic phantoms that recreate the characteristics of biological tissues are valuable tools for systematically studying and comprehending physiologies, pathologies, and biological processes related to tissues. The reproduction of mechanical and optical properties allows for the development and evaluation of novel systems and applications in areas such as imaging, optics, ultrasound, or dosimetry, among others. This paper proposes a methodology for manufacturing agarose-based phantoms that mimics the optical properties of healthy brain tissue within the wavelength infrared range of 800 to 820 nm. The fabrication of such phantoms enables the possibility of testing and experimentation in controlled and safe environments toward the design of new near-infrared multispectral imaging systems in neurosurgery. The results of an experimental optical characterization study indicate the validity and reliability of the proposed method for fabricating brain tissue phantoms in a cost-effective and straightforward fashion.

Advances in Hydrogels of Drug Delivery Systems for Local Treatment of Brain Tumors

“…Hydrogels that are responsive to temperature, light, or magnetism fall into the category of smart hydrogels. These external stimuli induce changes in the properties of the hydrogels [55,56]. In the context of treating brain tumors, smart hydrogels efficiently control drug release through external stimuli, significantly reducing systemic adverse reactions due to their excellent biocompatibility [57][58][59][60].…”

Non-Invasive Alcohol Concentration Measurement Using a Spectroscopic Module: Outlook for the Development of a Drunk Driving Prevention System

“…We prepared a total of 10 liquid samples with ethanol concentrations ranging from 0% to 45% in 5% intervals. The human body is treated as a highly scattering medium, and in various studies, milk has been used as a scattering agent [40][41][42][43][44]. To induce scattering effects similar to those in biological samples, we added 10% milk to each sample solution using a micropipette, and the remaining ratio was filled with distilled water.…”

Advances in Hydrogels of Drug Delivery Systems for the Local Treatment of Brain Tumors

“…Hydrogels that are responsive to temperature, pH, light, and magnetism fall into the category of smart hydrogels. These external stimuli induce changes in the properties of the hydrogels [ 72 , 73 ]. In the context of treating brain tumors, smart hydrogels efficiently control drug release through external stimuli, significantly reducing systemic adverse reactions due to their excellent biocompatibility [ 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 ].…”