Agarose‐ and alginate‐based biopolymers for sample preparation: Excellent green extraction tools for this century

Abstract

Recently, there has been considerable interest in the use of miniaturized sample preparation techniques before the chromatographic monitoring of the analytes in unknown complex compositions. The use of biopolymer-based sorbents in solid-phase microextraction techniques has achieved a good reputation. A great variety of polysaccharides can be extracted from marine plants or microorganisms. Seaweeds are the major sources of polysaccharides such as alginate, agar, agarose, as well as carrageenans. Agarose and alginate (green biopolymers) have been manipulated for different microextraction approaches. The present review is focused on the classification of biopolymer and their applications in multidisciplinary research. Besides, efforts have been made to discuss the state-of-the-art of the new microextraction techniques that utilize commercial biopolymer interfaces such as agarose in liquid-phase microextraction and solid-phase microextraction.

Protective effect of polysaccharide peptide on cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury in rats

“…Due to the complex alterations associated with IR injury, it has become difficult to identify a novel pharmacological drug with a protective effect. Previous studies preferentially developed therapeutics for IR injury based on the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) ( 15 , 16 ). Seaweed is one of the most abundant sources of polysaccharides used in TCM, with alginate, agar, fucoidan, agarose and carrageenan all present ( 16 ).…”

“…Previous studies preferentially developed therapeutics for IR injury based on the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) ( 15 , 16 ). Seaweed is one of the most abundant sources of polysaccharides used in TCM, with alginate, agar, fucoidan, agarose and carrageenan all present ( 16 ). A previous study demonstrated that M. charantia polysaccharide (MCP) could be a promising neuroprotective ingredient of M. charantia and its mechanisms could be at least in part attributed to its antioxidant activities and its inhibition of JNK3 signaling cascades during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model ( 17 ).…”

Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Solid-Phase Extraction and Capillary Electrophoresis Methods for the Analysis of 4-Cyanophenol and 3-Nitrophenol in Water

“…Before using any analytical technique, sample preparation is carried out to get rid of many other constituents [ 22 ]. Besides, the sample preparation is used to concentrate the analytes of interest as, sometimes, the analytes are at low concentrations and beyond the scope of the detection of the analytical instrument [ 23 ]. Various sample preparation methods are used for the analysis of phenols and these include liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), solid-phase extraction (SPE), etc.…”

Adsorption Studies of Methylene Blue by Encapsulated Nano-Carbonaceous Alginate Beads

“…Alginate is a biopolymer extracted from brown algae and consists of edible polysaccharides with homopolymeric blocks of 1-4 linked d-mannuronate and L-guluronate [24]. Alginate has been explored as supporting material by encapsulating with activated carbon [25], carbon [17], synthetic polymer [26] and maghemite nanoparticles [27] to form as adsorbents for heavy metals, dyes and other pollutants [1,28]. To the best of our knowledge, there are only few investigations focused on comparison adsorption studies towards dyes removal by carbonaceous materials with alginate.…”