“…Cleve presents morphological features that conform to the genus Envekadea. Stauroneis pachycephala was described in 1881 from Baakens River, Port Elizabeth, South Africa and has subsequently been reported in Australia (Foged 1978, John 1983, 1993, Gell & Gasse 1994, Hodgson 1995, Vyverman et al 1995, Hodgson et al 1997, Haynes et al 2007, Taukulis & John 2009), New Zealand (Foged 1979, Sweden (Cleve-Euler 1953), Sri Lanka, Cuba, and Papua New Guinea (Foged 1976, 1984, Vyverman 1991. In the present paper, we provide morphological, ecological, and biogeographical analyses of Stauroneis pachycephala based on new collections from Victoria (Australia), Florida (USA), Louisiana (USA) and compare these with type material from South Africa.…”