Ag ion formation mechanisms in molten glass ion emitters

Kessinger, G. F.; Huett, T.; Delmore, J.E.

doi:10.1016/s1387-3806(01)00378-5

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Therefore, it is needed to search the more suitable condition of GR to be able to apply to Pb isotope analysis of smaller samples. Moreover, referring the basic study by Kessinger et al (2001) and Kessinger and Delmore (2002), further systematic investigation is required.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New supplemental activator for lead isotope analysis using TIMS

et al. 2011

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We have devised a new supplementary activator for lead isotope measurements performed using thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS). The activator consisted of a mixture of 250 ppm Ge and 500 ppm Re and was used with normal colloidal silica. This new substance shows excellent performance in terms of enhancing the ion beam intensity. The supplementary activator yielded 3.5-4.5 × 10-11 A 208 Pb for 10 ng Pb, 1.5-2.5 × 10-11 A for 5 ng Pb, and ~1.5 × 10-11 A for 2.5 ng Pb samples, indicating that the new activator was superior to those currently in use. This improvement should be applicable to samples with low Pb content, for example, in environmental tracer studies and Pb-Pb chronology studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New supplemental activator for lead isotope analysis using TIMS

et al. 2011

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“…Little information is found in the literature on the volatilization of silver from borosilicate glasses. In one article on the dissolution of filaments in glasses, Kessinger et al (2001) determined that the silver was present at the surface as Ag 0 if the glass is produced under slightly reducing conditions, as is usually the case in the formation of nuclear waste glasses, for processing reasons. Hence, it is expected that silver would be present in the glass in the metallic state and volatilize as such.…”

Section: Silvermentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioactive Semivolatiles in Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing

Jubin

Strachan

Ilas

et al. 2014

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“…For example, when silver in the elemental form volatilizes from borosilicate glass at temperatures between 900 to 1000°C it does so as a mixture of thermal ions and neutral species. [3] Precise temperature profiles were obtained for this process. Silver was subsequently added to the glass as the nitrate, but we were able to show that the silver nitrate decomposed to evolve nitrate over a range from 200 to 400°C, leaving silver in the elemental state that evolved at the higher temperature.…”

Section: Instrument Design Construction and Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular it relates to our attempts to better characterize the chemical and physical processes that govern the emission of thermal ions from molten glass ion emitters, which is the method of choice for the isotope ratio analysis of about 30 elements. [1][2][3][4] We had developed instrumentation to allow the analysis of ions, permanent gases and condensable vapors from a variety of glasses; however, this capability was spread between two different instruments and the data collection was too slow to allow accurate monitoring of the temperature verses ion intensity curves for more than one ionization mode at a time. [1,5,6] Thus, in order for a complete analysis to be obtained, two or more samples of the same material had to be analyzed, significantly complicating the analysis as well as introducing uncertainty into the analyses (due to the fact that the same sample could not be analyzed by each method).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Temperature Condensed Phase Mass Spectrometric Analysis Program

Delmore¹

1999

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SummaryThis program (EMSP Project #60424) was funded by the EM Science Program for the development of an integrated mass spectrometric analysis system (see Figure 1.) capable of analyzing materials from room up to high temperatures, with the practical upper temperature limit to be experimentally determined. A primary objective of the program was the development of techniques to analyze waste materials during vitrification processing to produce waste forms.The sample is heated in the ion formation region of the mass spectrometer. This instrument geometry allows the atoms and molecules that volatilize from the sample as neutrals to be ionized before they have a chance to condense on surfaces that generally are cooler that the sample. In addition, this geometry facilitates more efficient focussing of SIMS and thermal ions into the quadrupole mass analyzer. Instrumental capabilities include the detection of volatilizing neutral species by electron bombardment, ions forming on the surface by surface ionization, and surface species by static SIMS. In addition, the instrument has elemental analysis capability (by dynamic SIMS).It was also initially proposed that during the concluding year the instrument would be used for a series of demonstration analyses; however, the program was funded at just 69% of the requested level, which proved adequate to complete the major aspects of the instrument development but was insufficient for the complete development of the dynamic SIMS capability and the completion of the demonstration analyses. The demonstration analyses are being performed with the support of other programs in our laboratory, and a dynamic SIMS gun, which was made available from another of our programs, is installed on the instrument (but has not yet been tested). Demonstration analyses have proven the concept of the instrument; all of the capabilities, other than the dynamic SIMS capability, have been successfully deployed. The dynamic SIMS capability will be more fully developed when another program has a demonstrated need and funds that activity.The practical upper temperature limit for analyses is proving to be limited by mechanical stability of the sample support hardware at high temperatures and by chemical reactions between the material to be analyzed and the supporting filament or cup. The practical upper temperature limit for mechanical stability for the filament mode is proving to be about 1700°C, while for the refractory metal cup mode the limit is about 1300°C. When chemical reactions occur between the material and the cup or filament, which is often the case, the temperature limit can be lower, although systems have been studied at above 1000°C. In general, the cup assembly is proving to be more resistant to failure due to chemical reactions since the sample is not in contact with the delicate filament (that can be eroded through chemical reactions with the sample). The ability to study chemical interactions between the sample and the holder is turning out to be a significant advantage offered by the ...

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Ag ion formation mechanisms in molten glass ion emitters

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

New supplemental activator for lead isotope analysis using TIMS

New supplemental activator for lead isotope analysis using TIMS

Radioactive Semivolatiles in Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing

High Temperature Condensed Phase Mass Spectrometric Analysis Program

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