After the Fire: Reconstruction following Destructive Fires in Historic Buildings

Kincaid, Simon

doi:10.1080/17567505.2019.1681647

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This is because the limit values of structures for fire resistance established in the current regulations in the field of construction of modern buildings are more stringent than the values of fire resistance limits at the time of construction of cultural heritage sites, as shown by Lisienkova et al (2021) [1]. Kincaid (2019) [14] showed that the discrepancy between modern requirements for building structures fire resistance and the actual values of the fire resistance limits of structures at cultural heritage sites causes great difficulties in the reconstruction of such facilities. [18] showed a particularly difficult case during reconstruction is the increase in the actual fire resistance limits of building structures made of materials that are rarely used in modern construction.…”

Section: Garcia-castillo Et Al (2023)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Method for Increasing the Fire Resistance of Cast-iron Structures of Cultural Heritage Sites under Reconstruction

Puzach,

Liubov,

Кamchatova

et al. 2024

Civ Eng J

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When reconstructing cultural heritage sites, significant changes to the original design planning are not allowed. More rational methods are needed to increase the fire resistance of historical buildings, which will ensure their fire safety and preserve their architectural value. Nowadays, most heritage sites do not meet the safety requirements of modern buildings. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for increasing the fire resistance of cast iron structures. The key tasks are increasing the fire resistance of buildings during reconstruction and ensuring their fire safety during operation. The tasks have been achieved by developing a new methodology for increasing the fire resistance of cast iron. It includes an integrated approach to assessing the risk of a fire, a predictive model for the occurrence of fire danger, as well as various scenarios for the fire development caused by cast iron heating. The results’ analysis has allowed us to determine the fire resistance limits of cast iron structures. The scientific novelty lies in the study of the fire resistance of cast iron structures using a three-dimensional mathematical model. The resulting values have been obtained via differential equations of the laws of mass conservation, momentum, gaseous energy, and the optical density of smoke. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-02-015 Full Text: PDF

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Section: Garcia-castillo Et Al (2023)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Method for Increasing the Fire Resistance of Cast-iron Structures of Cultural Heritage Sites under Reconstruction

Puzach,

Liubov,

Кamchatova

et al. 2024

Civ Eng J

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“…Old or historic buildings are, in general, more vulnerable to fire (Torero, 2019;Raneri, 2021), which is why the most recent studies highlight the importance of investigating the vulnerability of each building, considering the context in which they are inserted and their unique needs, to understand how their structure influences the overall fire performance (Torero, 2019;Bakas et al, 2020;Salazar et al, 2021;Romão & Bertolin, 2022;Petrini et al, 2022 ). The bibliographic review identified some of the characteristics that make historic buildings vulnerable to fire, namely: the presence of numerous wooden structures; the absence of adequate compartmentalization; the impossibility of altering the original characteristics of the building; uncertainty regarding techniques and materials used in the original construction; the existence of voids and other elements with low fire resistance; insufficient number of alternative exits; long distances to travel, in the sense of evacuation; storage of flammable substances; non-compliance of electrical installations; difficulties in accessing emergency services and the absence of active fire detection and suppression systems (Naziris et al, 2016;Iringová & Idunk, 2017;Torero, 2019;Devi & Sharma, 2019;Kincaid, 2020;Quapp & Holschemacher, 2020;Caliendo et al, 2020;Castillo et al, 2021;Cao et al, 2021;Huang, 2022;Petrini et al, 2022). The old or historic buildings were built at a time when the principles of fire safety were not observed, presenting, for this reason, characteristics that make it challenging to apply a set of prescriptive requirements present in the current regulations.…”

Section: Main Considerations Of the Literature Review On Fire Safety ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Safety Conditions at Historic Buildings: Cathedral of Porto Case

Castro,

Gonçalves,

Perestrelo

2023

International Symposium on Occupational Safety and Hygiene: Proceedings Book of the SHO2023

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Background: Cultural heritage consists of all assets that, being testimonies with civilization or cultural value, bearers of relevant cultural interest, should be the object of special protection and appreciation. Fire is one of the main dangers that affect cultural heritage worldwide, with an impact that can result in the total or partial loss of irreplaceable assets. Objective: The main objective of this text is to reflect on the implementation of protection and maintenance measures capable of preventing most fires and minimizing their effects, with a particular focus on the efforts to be made in adapting them to historic buildings, based on the case study. Method: The methodological design was based on documental analysis and observational and analytical study, translated into the description and analysis of the current fire safety conditions implemented in the Cathedral of Porto, proposing corrective and improvement measures, bearing the ease of their implementation. Results/Discussion: The elaboration of a fire safety analysis in historic buildings can be a considerable challenge and require joint action to develop minimally invasive, innovative, and sustainable solutions capable of reconciling the principles of fire safety and heritage conservation. Conclusion: The Cathedral of Porto only meets a few regulatory generic fire requirements.

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“…The fires at the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris and the National Museum of Brazil exemplify the intangible value that can potentially be lost to fire and demonstrate the high level of community support for heritage structures, not to mention the €300–600 million 5 (US$330–670 million 6 ) and US$125 million 7 estimated costs for rebuilding the Notre Dame Cathedral and the National Museum of Brazil, respectively. The aforementioned fires were high‐profile events, but data collected by Historic England noted that in 2018 in England, over 350 fires occurred in heritage structures with 40 causing serious damage 8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aforementioned fires were high-profile events, but data collected by Historic England noted that in 2018 in England, over 350 fires occurred in heritage structures with 40 causing serious damage. 8 There is limited guidance available in standards and codes on heritage timber in the fire. Comprehensive guidance on the overall protection of a heritage building is provided in the NFPA 914: Code for the Protection of Historic Structures, however, there is little information regarding material performance.…”

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confidence: 99%

The effects of radial cracks on the fire performance of heritage timber

et al. 2022

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Heritage timber buildings are found worldwide and their irreplaceable nature makes them of high value. A common occurrence on heritage timber members is radial shrinkage cracks resulting from changing moisture contents over time. There is little information available that can be used to assess the fire performance of heritage timber members (which has unique differences from contemporary timber), and to the author's awareness, no information regarding how the presence of radial cracks affects the fire performance and char depth of a timber member. The purpose of this study is to provide an evaluation of the effects of radial cracking on the fire performance of timber members, including its effect on char depth, time to ignition, and residual strength. Full-scale heritage Pine timber members were procured from a 115-year-old building undergoing demolition and then subjected to a pool fire.Cracked samples were also extracted from the members and tested in a Cone Calorimeter apparatus relative to solid samples. It was found that the presence of cracks did allow for deeper charring with the full-scale tests showing 64% greater char depth in the cracked region and the Cone Calorimeter tests showing 29% greater char depth on the cracked samples. Four-point bending tests of the full-scale members subjected to a pool fire showed that the effect of the fire exposure and the cracks did not significantly impact the capacity of the members (7.2% difference) but reduced the stiffness as the ultimate deflection increased by 43%. These results can help to inform practitioners who encounter heritage timber members to more accurately assess the fire performance of the member, such that they can make informed decisions on the level of fire protection required. The study also provides methodologies for the collection of heritage timber test materials.

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After the Fire: Reconstruction following Destructive Fires in Historic Buildings

Abstract: teaching undergraduate and postgraduate architecture and building surveying students; with his main areas of expertise including fire safety, building conservation and building pathology.

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Development of a Method for Increasing the Fire Resistance of Cast-iron Structures of Cultural Heritage Sites under Reconstruction

Development of a Method for Increasing the Fire Resistance of Cast-iron Structures of Cultural Heritage Sites under Reconstruction

Fire Safety Conditions at Historic Buildings: Cathedral of Porto Case

The effects of radial cracks on the fire performance of heritage timber

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