African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst ex. A. Rich) Harms)

Daniel, Adewale B.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-90537-4.00030-2

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…This result agreed with previous works 10,27 . HM's are known to be preferentially distributed to organs like liver and kidney 28,29 . The liver is particularly susceptible because of its functions in xenobiotics metabolism 30 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…10,27 HM's are known to be preferentially distributed to organs like liver and kidney. 28,29 The liver is particularly susceptible because of its functions in xenobiotics metabolism. 30 The groups treated with Zn or Se or combination showed lower accumulation of these metals, which can be attributed to the competition for binding site between HM and Zn or Se since they all bind to metallothionein protein.…”

Section: Histopathological Studies Of the Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selenium and zinc alleviate hepatotoxicity induced by heavy metal mixture (cadmium, mercury, lead and arsenic) via attenuation of inflammo‐oxidant pathways

Ozoani,

Ezejiofor,

Okolo

et al. 2023

Environmental Toxicology

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Heavy metals (HM) are believed to be injurious to humans. Man is exposed to them on daily basis unknowingly, with no acceptable protocol to manage its deleterious effects. These metals occur as mixture of chemicals with varying concentrations in our atmosphere. There are growing calls for the use of essential metals in mitigating the injurious effects induced by heavy metals exposure to man; therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of essential metals (Zinc and Selenium) in a mixture of heavy metal toxicity. In this study, except for negative controls, all other groups were treated with lead (PbCl2, 20 mg kg−1); cadmium (CdCl2, 1.61 mg kg−1); mercury (HgCl2, 0.40 mg kg−1), and arsenic (NaAsO3, 10 mg kg−1) that were formed in distilled water. Pb, Cd, As, and Hg were administered as mixtures to 35, 6 weeks old rats weighing between 80 to 100 g for 60 days. Group I served as normal control without treatment, group II positive control received HM mixture, while groups III to V received HMM with Zn, Se, and Zn + Se respectively. Animal and liver weights, HM accumulation in the liver, food intake (FI), water intake (WI), liver function test, malondialdehyde (MDA), and inflammatory/transcription factor/apoptosis markers were checked. Also, antioxidant enzymes, and histological studies were carried out. Metal mixture accumulated in the liver and caused toxicities which were ameliorated by Zn and Se administration. HM caused significant decrease in FI, WI and distorted the level of liver enzymes, lipid peroxidation, inflammatory markers, antioxidants and architecture of the liver. Co administration with Zn or Se or both reversed the distortions. This study lays credence to the evolving research on the public health implications of low dose metal mixtures and the possible ameliorative properties of Zn and Se.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Histopathological Studies Of the Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium and zinc alleviate hepatotoxicity induced by heavy metal mixture (cadmium, mercury, lead and arsenic) via attenuation of inflammo‐oxidant pathways

Ozoani,

Ezejiofor,

Okolo

et al. 2023

Environmental Toxicology

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“…In addition, AYB exhibits high nitrogen-fixing ability 5 and is drought tolerant. These attributes may have allowed it to thrive in marginal soils under low-input farming systems and intercropping, especially in Ghana and Nigeria 6,7 .…”

Section: Background and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome-scale assembly of the African yam bean genome

Waweru,

Njaci,

Murungi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Genomics-informed breeding of locally adapted, nutritious, albeit underutilised African crops can help mitigate food and nutrition insecurity challenges in Africa, particularly against the backdrop of climate change. However, utilisation of modern crop improvement tools including genomic selection and genome editing for many African indigenous crops is hampered by the scarcity of genetic and genomic resources. Here we report on the assembly of the genome of African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa), a tuberous legume crop that is indigenous to Africa. By combining long and short read sequencing with Hi-C scaffolding, we produced a chromosome-scale assembly with an N50 of 69.5 Mbp and totalling 649 Mbp in length (77 - 81% of the estimated genome size based on flow cytometry). Using transcriptome evidence from Nanopore RNA-Seq and homology evidence from related crops, we annotated 31,614 putative protein coding genes. We further show how this resource improves anchoring of markers, genome-wide association analysis and candidate gene analyses in Africa yam bean. This genome assembly provides a valuable resource for genetic research in Africa yam bean.

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“…ex A. Rich) Harms, African yam bean (AYB) is one of the foremost indigenous tropical Africa tuberous legume 1 . This crop possesses dual edible economic products-the aerial pulse and the subterranean root tuber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-Specific Flavonoid Classes, Content and Relationships in African Yam Bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa [Hochst ex A. Richmond] Harms] Tubers

Konyeme,

Nyananyo,

Tanee

2024

Res. J. Bot

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Background and Objective: Tubers of African yam bean [Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst. ex A. Richmond) Harms], family Fabaceae, are under-exploited, especially in West Africa by humans. The tuber holds varying quantitative bioactive properties. The present study seeks to unveil inherent flavonoid compounds in different accessions of African yam bean (AYB) tubers. Materials and Methods: Fresh tubers were obtained from 17 accessions of AYB. The same was dried and flour samples were prepared. Flour samples from the 17 accessions were analyzed and 38 flavonoid compounds were obtained for each using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Results: The 17 accessions differed in the proportion of the 38 flavonoid compounds. Flavonoid compounds with >1.0 g/100 g in the study were: Apigenin, didymin, daidzein, luteolin and isorharmmetic. The 38 flavonoid compounds were grouped into six sub-classes, 55% were flavones and anthocyanidin which had anthocyanin as the only member in the group, had the lowest (1%) component in the tubers of AYB. Conclusion: Variation in flavonoid content in AYB tuber is a function of the genotypes. Mean content is higher than most tuberous crops. The AYB tuber therefore promises to be an important industrial product for health benefits and promotion.

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African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst ex. A. Rich) Harms)

Cited by 3 publications

References 52 publications

Selenium and zinc alleviate hepatotoxicity induced by heavy metal mixture (cadmium, mercury, lead and arsenic) via attenuation of inflammo‐oxidant pathways

Selenium and zinc alleviate hepatotoxicity induced by heavy metal mixture (cadmium, mercury, lead and arsenic) via attenuation of inflammo‐oxidant pathways

Chromosome-scale assembly of the African yam bean genome

Intra-Specific Flavonoid Classes, Content and Relationships in African Yam Bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa [Hochst ex A. Richmond] Harms] Tubers

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