African Swine Fever Virus Biology and Vaccine Approaches

Revilla, Yolanda; Pérez-Núñez, Daniel; Richt, Jüergen A.

doi:10.1016/bs.aivir.2017.10.002

Cited by 168 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 197 publications

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“…Unfortunately, China had 129 outbreaks of ASF until 22 April 2019 and the total number of pigs killed by the epidemic reached 1.02 million. Various ASFV vaccine strategies focusing on antigen‐, DNA‐ and virus vector‐based have been investigated, however, none of them was very successful (Gaudreault & Richt, ; Ramirez‐Medina et al, ; Revilla, Pérez‐Núñez, & Richt, ; Rock, ). Therefore, the rapid diagnosis of ASF is a vital step for the control and prevention of the disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a novel quantitative real‐time PCR assay with lyophilized powder reagent to detect African swine fever virus in blood samples of domestic pigs in China

Wang

Rui

Liu

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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African swine fever (ASF) is a devastating disease, which is causing huge economic losses in China. Therefore, it is urgent to provide a rapid, highly specific and sensitive diagnostic method for the detection of African swine fever virus (ASFV), the ASF infectious agent. In this study, a novel quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay with lyophilized powder reagents (LPR), targeting the major structural protein p72 gene, was established for the detection of ASFV. This assay had many advantages, such as saving time and money, good sensitivity and repeatability. The sensitivity of this assay was 100 copies/μl of ASFV plasmid templates, and the assay showed 10‐fold greater sensitivity than a qPCR assay recommended by OIE. Furthermore, specificity analysis showed that qPCR with LPR for ASFV had no cross‐reactivity with other important swine pathogens. In clinical diagnoses of 218 blood samples of domestic pigs in China, the positive rate of the diagnosis of ASFV by qPCR with the LPR and commercial kit reached 80.73% (176/218) and 76.61% (167/218) respectively. The coincidence rate between the two assays is 92.20% (201/218), and kappa value is 0.768 (p < .0001) by SPSS analysis. The overall agreement between the two assays was 95.87% (209/218). Further Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis showed a significant correlation between the two assays with an R2 value of 0.9438. The entire procedure, from specimen processing to result reporting, can be completed within 2 hr. Our results demonstrated that the qPCR‐LPR assay is a good laboratory diagnostic tool for sensitive and efficient detection of ASFV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a novel quantitative real‐time PCR assay with lyophilized powder reagent to detect African swine fever virus in blood samples of domestic pigs in China

Wang

Rui

Liu

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“… Tulman et al (), Dixon, Abrams, et al (), Rock (), Arias et al (), Arias et al (), Revilla et al (). …”

Section: Future Perspectives and Recommendations: The Next‐generationunclassified

“…vaccines against complex viruses, detailed understanding of immunogenic proteins is needed. ASFV virions contain different proteins in intracellular and extracellular virions, which may interfere with virus neutralization(Revilla, Perez-Núñez, & Richt, 2018). However, there is no complete profile of the immunogenicity of structural proteins.Extensive efforts have been made to develop ASF subunit vaccines(Argilaguet et al, 2012;Lopera-Madrid et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

Current status and evolving approaches to African swine fever vaccine development

Teklue

Sun

Abid

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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African swine fever (ASF) is a highly lethal haemorrhagic disease of swine caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), a unique and genetically complex virus. The disease continues to be a huge burden to the pig industry in Africa, Europe and recently in Asia, especially China. The purpose of this review was to recapitulate the current scenarios and evolving trends in ASF vaccine development. The unavailability of an applicable ASF vaccine is partly due to the complex nature of the virus, which encodes various proteins associated with immune evasion. Moreover, the incomplete understanding of immune protection determinants of ASFV hampers the rational vaccine design. Developing an effective ASF vaccine continues to be a challenging task due to many undefined features of ASFV immunobiology. Recent attempts on DNA and live attenuated ASF vaccines have been reported with promising efficacy, and especially live attenuated vaccines have been proved to provide complete homologous protection. Single‐cycle viral vaccines have been developed for various diseases such as Rift Valley fever and bluetongue, and the rational extension of these strategies could be helpful for developing single‐cycle ASF vaccines. Therefore, live attenuated vaccines in short term and single‐cycle vaccines in long term would be the next generation of ASF vaccines.

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“…The causative agent, ASF virus (ASFV), is a large double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the family Asfarviridae 2,4,5 . Due to the lack of vaccine and effective treatments against ASFV, disease control mainly relies on culling pigs 1,4 . More than 30 million domestic pigs were culled in the past 2 years, and the number continues to increase 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid detection of African swine fever virus using Cas12a-based portable paper diagnostics

Chen

et al. 2020

Cell Discov

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African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a dsDNA virus responsible for a severe, highly contagious, and lethal disease affecting both domestic and wild pigs. ASFV has brought enormous economic loss to a number of countries, and effective vaccine and therapy are still lacking. Therefore, a rapid, sensitive, and field-deployable detection of ASFV is important for disease surveillance and control. Herein, we developed a Cas12a-mediated portable paper assay to rapidly and precisely detect ASFV. We identified a robust set of crRNAs that recognized the highly conserved region of essential ASFV genes. The Cas12a-mediated detection assay showed low tolerance for mismatch mutations, and no cross-reactivity against other common swine pathogens. We further developed a paper-based assay to allow instrument-free detection of ASFV. Specifically, we applied gold nanoparticle-antibody conjugate to engineer homemade strips and combined it with Cas12a-mediated ASFV detection. This portable paper, instrument-free diagnostics, faithfully detected ASFV in swine samples, showing comparable sensitivity to the traditionally instrumentdependent qPCR method. Taking together, we developed a highly sensitive, instant, and economic Cas12a-mediated paper diagnostics of ASFV, with a great application potential for monitoring ASFV in the field.

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African Swine Fever Virus Biology and Vaccine Approaches

Cited by 168 publications

References 197 publications

Development of a novel quantitative real‐time PCR assay with lyophilized powder reagent to detect African swine fever virus in blood samples of domestic pigs in China

Development of a novel quantitative real‐time PCR assay with lyophilized powder reagent to detect African swine fever virus in blood samples of domestic pigs in China

Current status and evolving approaches to African swine fever vaccine development

Rapid detection of African swine fever virus using Cas12a-based portable paper diagnostics

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