African Land Mammal Ages

Couvering, John A. Van; Delson, Eric

doi:10.1080/02724634.2020.1803340

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 259 publications

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“…The three major clades within the Rhinocerotinae subfamily diverged $16 mya (Figure 2A), at the end of the early Miocene and around the time of the Miocene climatic optimum (17-14 mya), a period that was $3 C-4 C warmer than present (Lewis et al, 2008;Sosdian et al, 2020). Diversification occurred after the formation of the terrestrial connection between the Afro-Arabian and Eurasian landmasses $20 mya (Van Couvering and Delson, 2020). We hypothesize that this land bridge enabled dispersal events followed by vicariance, as is well documented with the immigration into Africa from Eurasia of early rhinocerotids, giraffids, suids, and viverrids and the emigration from Africa to Eurasia of apes, deinotheres, and elephantoids, among others (Van Couvering and Delson, 2020).…”

Section: Timing Of Divergence Between Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancient and modern genomes unravel the evolutionary history of the rhinoceros family

Liu

Westbury

Dussex

et al. 2021

Cell

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Section: Timing Of Divergence Between Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancient and modern genomes unravel the evolutionary history of the rhinoceros family

Liu

Westbury

Dussex

et al. 2021

Cell

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“…Hard minimum bound 37.0 Ma Soft maximum bound 55.8 Ma Age justifications The BQ-2 locality has been correlated with Chron 17n.1n (Seiffert, 2006), which is currently recognized as spanning ~37.5-37.0 Ma (Houben et al, 2019;Agnini et al, 2020), resulting in a minimum bound for this node of 37.0 Ma (see also Van Couvering and Delson, 2020). The maximum bound is based on the maximum age of the earliest well known stem strepsirrhine, Donrussellia provincialis (see "Crown Primates" above), based on the assumption that the divergence of crown Strepsirrhini is unlikely to predate the oldest stem member of the clade.…”

Section: Calibrating Taxon Saharagalago Misrensismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We assigned a fixed age of 0 Ma to all of our extant taxa. For most of our fossil and subfossil taxa, we assigned uniform age ranges corresponding to the entire possible age range of the specimens used for scoring purposes (following Püschel et al, 2020); however, we assigned a fixed age of 33.4 Ma to Catopithecus and Proteopithecus, all specimens of which are from Quarry L-41 of the Jebel Qatrani Formation in the Fayum Depression of Egypt, which has been assigned an age of 33.4 Ma by Van Couvering and Delson (2020). A full justification of the assigned ages for all of our fossil and subfossil taxa is given in Supplementary Online Material.…”

Section: <Table 1 About Here>mentioning

confidence: 99%

Total evidence tip-dating phylogeny of platyrrhine primates and 27 well-justified fossil calibrations for primate divergences

Vries

Beck

2021

Preprint

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Phylogenies with estimates of divergence times are essential for investigating many evolutionary questions. In principle, “tip-dating” is arguably the most appropriate approach, with fossil and extant taxa analyzed together in a single analysis, and topology and divergence times estimated simultaneously. However, “node-dating” (as used in many molecular clock analyses), in which fossil evidence is used to calibrate the age of particular nodes a priori, will probably remain the dominant approach, due to various issues with analyzing morphological and molecular data together. Tip-dating may nevertheless play a key role in robustly identifying fossil taxa that can be used to inform node-dating calibrations. Here, we present tip-dating analyses of platyrrhine primates (so-called “New World monkeys”) based on a total evidence dataset of 418 morphological characters and 10.2 kb of DNA sequence data from 17 nuclear genes, combined from previous studies. The resultant analyses support a late Oligocene or early Miocene age for crown Platyrrhini (composite age estimate: 20.7-28.2 Ma). Other key findings include placement of the early Miocene putative cebid Panamacebus outside crown Platyrrhini, equivocal support for Proteropithecia being a pitheciine, and support for a clade comprising three subfossil platyrrhines from the Caribbean (Xenothrix, Antillothrix and Paralouatta), related to Callicebinae. Based on these results and the available literature, we provide a list of 27 well-justified node calibrations for primate divergences, following best practices: 17 within Haplorhini, five within Strepsirrhini, one for crown Primates, and four for deeper divergences within Euarchontoglires. In each case, we provide a hard minimum bound, and for 23 of these we also provide a soft maximum bound and a suggested prior distribution. For each calibrated node, we provide the age of the oldest fossil of each daughter lineage that descends from it, which allows use of the “CladeAge” method for specifying priors on node ages.

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“…2008; O’Leary et al . 2019; Van Couvering & Delson 2020). A precise age is difficult to estimate, although the oolitic limestone of Samit is considered as part of the Tamaguélelt Formation that spans the Ypresian (early Eocene) (O’Leary et al .…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

First pan‐trionychid turtle (Testudines, Pan‐Trionychidae) from the Palaeogene of Africa

Georgalis

2021

Papers in Palaeontology

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Pan-trionychids (soft-shelled turtles) are known from the Neogene and Quaternary fossil record of Africa. They have so far been totally absent in Palaeogene localities of the continent although they are commonly found in Palaeogene localities across Europe, North America, and Australasia; as such, their absence from the Palaeogene of Africa has been envisaged to be genuine. Here, I describe a large costal from the Eocene of Mali, which documents for the first time the presence of pan-trionychid turtles in the Palaeogene of the then isolated Afro-Arabia. The affinities of the new Malian pan-trionychid with Neogene and Quaternary forms from Africa are discussed, as well as its biogeographic origins and potential dispersal scenarios from other landmasses to Afro-Arabia during the Palaeogene.

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African Land Mammal Ages

Cited by 34 publications

References 259 publications

Ancient and modern genomes unravel the evolutionary history of the rhinoceros family

Ancient and modern genomes unravel the evolutionary history of the rhinoceros family

Total evidence tip-dating phylogeny of platyrrhine primates and 27 well-justified fossil calibrations for primate divergences

First pan‐trionychid turtle (Testudines, Pan‐Trionychidae) from the Palaeogene of Africa

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