African Americans respond to stigmatization: the meanings and salience of confronting, deflecting conflict, educating the ignorant and ‘managing the self’

Fleming, Crystal M.; Lamont, Michèle; Welburn, Jessica S.

doi:10.1080/01419870.2011.589527

Cited by 107 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…We weave together scholarship not regularly applied to public health literature to suggest that cultural processes – girded by racial inequities in power – result in a racialized social environment in which Black (and other non-White ethnoracial) group members are routinely stigmatized (Fleming et al, 2012; Lamont et al, 2014; Link & Phelan, 2014). The process of racialization results in a shared understanding of the social meanings of race and racial categories within a society (Lamont et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The process of racialization results in a shared understanding of the social meanings of race and racial categories within a society (Lamont et al, 2014). Stigmatization results in the natural psychological and emotional vigilance by marginalized group members (Fleming et al, 2012; Goffman, 1974; Lamont & Mizrachi, 2012; Link & Phelan, 2014). We then discuss the concept of racism-related vigilance, developed from the qualitative literature on the burden of racism, capturing anticipatory and ruminative stress (Essed, 1991; Feagin, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, there is a growing literature on the ways in which Black Americans attend to self-presentation (Della et al, 2002; Fleming et al, 2012; Goffman, 1969; H. Lee & Hicken, 2016; Sue et al, 2008). We highlight two aspects in particular – attention to appearance and attention to speech.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The weight of racism: Vigilance and racial inequalities in weight-related measures

Hicken

Lee

Hing

2018

Social Science & Medicine

104

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In the United States, racial/ethnic inequalities in obesity are well-documented, particularly among women. Using the Chicago Community Adult Health Study, a probability-based sample in 2001–2003 (N=3,105), we examined the roles of discrimination and vigilance in racial inequalities in two weight-related measures, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), viewed through a cultural racism lens. Cultural racism creates a social environment in which Black Americans bear the stigma burden of their racial group while White Americans are allowed to view themselves as individuals. We propose that in this context, interpersonal discrimination holds a different meaning for Blacks and Whites, while vigilance captures the coping style for Blacks who carry the stigma burden of the racial group. By placing discrimination and vigilance within the context of cultural racism, we operationalize existing survey measures and utilize statistical models to clarify the ambiguous associations between discrimination and weight-related inequalities in the extant literature. Multivariate models were estimated for BMI and WC separately and were stratified by gender. Black women had higher mean BMI and WC than any other group, as well as highest levels of vigilance. White women did not show an association between vigilance and WC but did show a strong positive association between discrimination and WC. Conversely, Black women displayed an association between vigilance and WC, but not between discrimination and WC. These results demonstrate that vigilance and discrimination may hold different meanings for obesity by ethnoracial group that are concealed when all women are examined together and viewed without considering a cultural racism lens.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The weight of racism: Vigilance and racial inequalities in weight-related measures

Hicken

Lee

Hing

2018

Social Science & Medicine

104

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“…Eher selten werden bisher die Auswirkungen auf Betroffene und deren Bewältigungsstrategien untersucht, obwohl sie sehr wichtige Einblicke in die aktuellen Problemlagen liefern können (u. a. Byng 1998;Jobst und Skrobanek 2009;Madubuko 2011;Fleming et al 2012).…”

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«Ich habe versucht, mich zu beweisen». Der Umgang mit Ausgrenzungs- und Diskriminierungserfahrungen in der Berufseinstiegsphase. Das Beispiel von AkademikerInnen mit Migrationshintergrund in Österreich

Verwiebe

Seewann

Wolf

et al. 2016

Swiss Journal of Sociology

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Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag thematisiert den Berufsalltag österreichischer AkademikerInnen mit Migrationshintergrund. Anhand von 21 problemzentrierten Interviews wurde der Frage nachgegangen, welche Ausgrenzungs- und Diskriminierungserfahrungen AkademikerInnen mit Migrationshintergrund nach dem Ende ihres Universitätsstudiums auf dem Arbeitsmarkt machen und wie sie mit diesen umgehen. Für die Auswertungen der Interviews haben wir eine Themenanalyse mit einem Codierverfahren kombiniert. Empirisch zeigt sich in unserer Studie, dass AkademikerInnen mit Migrationshintergrund häufig Fähigkeiten aufgrund ihres Migrationshintergrundes abgesprochen werden und Konflikte entlang religiöser, ethnischer oder stereotyper Zuschreibungen entstehen. Die Bewältigungsstrategien der Betroffenen changieren zwischen Prävention von Diskriminierung - durch betonte Leistungsbereitschaft und Distanzierung von prekären Situationen - und Reaktion auf Diskriminierung - wie aktive Gegenwehr und Formen der Resignation.

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“…The Muslim identity is positively reinterpreted in terms of moral and cultural capital (courtesy, respectability, religiosity, Urdu poetry, and so on). This strategy of destigmatization (Lamont and Bail, ; Fleming et al ., ; Lamont and Mizrachi, ), supported by spatial concentration, involves a sharp differentiation from the Muslims living in the Old City (artisans, metalworkers or butchers). Most of the respondents never crossed the railway line to visit the Old City.…”

Section: Sir Syed Nagar and Dhorrah's Three‐fold Segregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Enclave, The Citadel and the Ghetto: The Threefold Segregation of Upper‐Class Muslims in India

Galonnier

2015

Int J Urban Regional Res

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The urban sociology literature has identified three types of segregated spaces: the ghetto, the enclave and the citadel. While the ghetto stems from a high constraint, the enclave accounts for a more intentional form of segregation and the citadel refers to a deliberate attempt to exclude undesirable populations. While these three figures are often contrasted in the American literature, this article focuses on a specific type of neighbourhood that combines all of these: the upper-class minority neighbourhood. By introducing the main results of an interview study I conducted in the Indian city of Aligarh, I show that Muslim upper-class residential choices are informed by contradictory feelings: while the threat of Hindu-Muslim riots forces them to segregate in homogenous neighbourhoods (the ghetto), their segregation also stems from a genuine desire to live in an Islamic environment (the enclave). Finally, the Muslim upper classes also indulge in a sharp process of socio-spatial differentiation from their poorer coreligionists (the citadel). These processes of compelled segregation, self-aggregation and social distancing lead to an enduring spatial concentration along religious and class lines. The simultaneity of these three logics indicates that the categories of the ghetto, the enclave and the citadel, framed in reference to the American context, can be applied to the Indian city of Aligarh if understood as dynamic processes rather than static spatial units. Such a reformulation allows theory to travel across the North-South divide in a more productive way.

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African Americans respond to stigmatization: the meanings and salience of confronting, deflecting conflict, educating the ignorant and ‘managing the self’

Cited by 107 publications

References 32 publications

The weight of racism: Vigilance and racial inequalities in weight-related measures

The weight of racism: Vigilance and racial inequalities in weight-related measures

«Ich habe versucht, mich zu beweisen». Der Umgang mit Ausgrenzungs- und Diskriminierungserfahrungen in der Berufseinstiegsphase. Das Beispiel von AkademikerInnen mit Migrationshintergrund in Österreich

The Enclave, The Citadel and the Ghetto: The Threefold Segregation of Upper‐Class Muslims in India

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