African American and Black Caribbean Mutual Feelings of Closeness

Thornton, Michael C.; Taylor, Robert Joseph; Chatters, Linda M.

doi:10.1177/0021934713516978

Cited by 22 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…For example, as illustrated in the previous quote, some Afro-Caribbean persons in the US may still feel they are treated and perceived similar to African Americans. This is supported by empirical evidence showing no differences in perceived discrimination between these two groups (Marshall & Rue, 2012; Seaton, Caldwell, Sellers, & Jackson, 2008), and that among Afro-Caribbeans, perceiving discrimination is associated with increased feelings of closeness to African Americans (Thornton, Taylor, & Chatters, 2013). Yet, the extent to which and how racialized psychosocial processes impact the mental health of Afro-Caribbeans in the US compared to African Americans remains largely understudied, and thus, poorly understood.…”

Section: Effects Of Racism On Mental Health: the Role Of Ethnic Subgrmentioning

confidence: 67%

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Discrimination, internalized racism, and depression: A comparative study of African American and Afro-Caribbean adults in the US

Molina

James

2016

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

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Emerging research suggests that both perceptions of discrimination and internalized racism (i.e., endorsement of negative stereotypes of one’s racial group) are associated with poor mental health. Yet, no studies to date have examined their effects on mental health with racial/ethnic minorities in the US in a single study. The present study examined: (a) the direct effects of everyday discrimination and internalized racism on risk of DSM-IV criteria of past-year major depressive disorder (MDD); (b) the interactive effects of everyday discrimination and internalized racism on risk of past-year MDD; and (c) the indirect effect of everyday discrimination on risk of past-year MDD via internalized racism. Further, we examined whether these associations differed by ethnic group membership. We utilized nationally representative data of Afro-Caribbean (N = 1,418) and African American (N = 3,570) adults from the National Survey of American Life. Results revealed that experiencing discrimination was associated with increased odds of past-year MDD among the total sample. Moreover, for Afro-Caribbeans, but not African Americans, internalized racism was associated with decreased odds of meeting criteria for past-year MDD. We did not find an interaction effect for everyday discrimination by internalized racism, nor an indirect effect of discrimination on risk of past-year MDD through internalized racism. Collectively, our findings suggest a need to investigate other potential mechanisms by which discrimination impacts mental health, and examine further the underlying factors of internalized racism as a potential self-protective strategy. Lastly, our findings point to the need for research that draws attention to the heterogeneity within the U.S. Black population.

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Section: Effects Of Racism On Mental Health: the Role Of Ethnic Subgrmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Waters et al, 2014) and typically regarded as “model minorities” compared to African Americans (cf. Thornton et al, 2013). However, the effects of discrimination on mental health appear to impact these two groups in similar ways.…”

Section: Effects Of Racism On Mental Health: the Role Of Ethnic Subgrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination, internalized racism, and depression: A comparative study of African American and Afro-Caribbean adults in the US

Molina

James

2016

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

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“…Among second generation Black Caribbeans (i.e., born in the U.S.), experiences with pervasive racial inequalities and interaction with native-born African Americans, instills a shared racial and African American identity (Kasinitz et al 2001; Butterfield 2004). Second generation Black Caribbeans are also less likely than first generation immigrants (born in the Caribbean) to report feeling close to their parents’ country of origin (Thornton, et al 2013). Finally, although ethnic identity is prominent among first generation Black Caribbeans, there are specific contexts in which racial identity assumes primary importance.…”

Section: Race and Ethnicity In Social Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research using the National Survey of Black Americans found that both older persons and men felt closer to Africans than their younger and female counterparts (Thornton and Mizuno 1995; Thornton and Taylor 1988). Gender and age were similarly associated with African Americans’ felt closeness to Blacks (i.e., in-group) in the United States (Thornton et al 2013). In contrast, there are few income, education, or marital status differences in African Americans’ perceptions of other groups (Thornton and Mizuno 1995).…”

Section: Correlates Of Closeness To Blacks In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

African American and Black Caribbean feelings of closeness to Africans

et al. 2016

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African American and Black Caribbean relations dominate research on interactions across black ethnic divides. Using National Survey of American Life data, we explore a different aspect of black interethnic attitudes: how close these groups feel toward Africans. African Americans and Black Caribbeans were largely similar in their feelings of closeness to Africans. For Black Caribbeans, younger and male respondents, those reporting higher levels of financial strain, living in the northeast and persons who immigrated to the United States at least 11 years ago, report feeling especially close to Africans. Being male was the only significant correlate among African Americans. The findings are discussed in relation to how race, ethnicity and national origin shape personal identities within the U.S. and their significance for intergroup perceptions. These broader issues warrant further consideration in light of assertions that race as a defining feature of American life and intergroup relations is obsolete.

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“…Living in these areas often leads to exposure to violence, drugs, risky sexual behavior, and poor health [48]. Generally, location of residence matters in blacks' feelings of closeness towards black Caribbeans [49], but no research to date has explored whether location matters in blacks' feelings of closeness towards black Africans.…”

Section: Neighborhood Context and Blackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood Racial Composition, Institutional Socialization, and Intraracial Feelings of Closeness among Black Americans

Jones

Andrews

Policastro

2015

Urban Studies Research

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Relying on nationally representative data from the most recent wave of the National Survey of Black Americans (NSBA), the current study examines how past and present neighborhood racial composition is associated with feelings of closeness toward black Americans, black Africans, and black West Indians. In addition, this research tests whether race-based socialization messages received from caregivers or religious socialization messages explain this relationship among a sample from the adult black US population. The findings show that past neighborhood composition is associated with present feelings of closeness toward black Americans and black West Indians but are not associated with close feelings toward black Africans. Current neighborhood racial composition is not associated with feelings of closeness toward any of the groups. Racial socialization messages are associated with closeness towards them all but are found to be largely a function of having a two-parent family during childhood. Religious socialization is also associated with intraracial feelings of closeness. Results suggest that neighborhood racial composition is important to help facilitate positive feelings toward others who share the same race but a different ethnicity.

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African American and Black Caribbean Mutual Feelings of Closeness

Cited by 22 publications

References 97 publications

Discrimination, internalized racism, and depression: A comparative study of African American and Afro-Caribbean adults in the US

Discrimination, internalized racism, and depression: A comparative study of African American and Afro-Caribbean adults in the US

African American and Black Caribbean feelings of closeness to Africans

Neighborhood Racial Composition, Institutional Socialization, and Intraracial Feelings of Closeness among Black Americans

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