Africa's Incomplete Cycles of Development

Taru, Josiah; Bonga, Wellington Garikai; Mahuni, Kenneth

doi:10.3726/b16093

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…3 The country invests so little in its armed forces. Using the GMI ranking, most Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries have a low ranking, except Angola (31), Mauritania (41), Chad (42) and Namibia (44). African nations; Angola, Chad and Mauritania being highly militarised have been observed to have a low human development index.…”

Section: Militarisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Democracy's journey in Africa, being impacted by many factors, deviates from the smooth path of democratic growth and consolidation (Bailie, 2018). The lack of democracy in many African nations for many years contributed to the delaying of benefits of integration (Mahuni, Taru and Bonga, 2020). It is a fact that there is a negative correlation between militarisation and the growth and consolidation of democracy.…”

Section: Democracymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Corruption is rampant in Africa. Despite exhibiting potential, these states in Africa would not develop much given alarming corruption levels (Mahuni, Taru and Bonga, 2020). For Nigeria it is now the way of life, in Sierra Leone, it has become a culture and in Sudan, it is the fifth factor of production (Osei-Hwedie and Osei-Hwedie, 2000).…”

Section: Corruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Militarisation on Development and Democracy in Africa

Bonga¹,

Mahuku²

2022

JDMS

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Africa's political democratic and economic growth remains dismal and the prospects for it improving in tandem with the Africa Agenda 2063 are bleak. Africa has plenty of mineral wealth and natural resources yet it remains the least developed region of the Third World. Self-inflicted tragedies galore, derailing the economic progress of the nations. This paper adopted descriptive and analytical methods in its discussion of the effect of militarisation on development and democracy in Africa. The development path of many African nations has no definite pattern to stir the much-required progress. Many policies have been brought forward to guide development with no significant improvement. Some reasons for policy failure may be caused by the way the institutions are being run. The concept of militarisation as brought by this study may add to the impacting factors. Militarisation comes in many forms, and within these forms exist the impacting ones to development and democracy in Africa. This paper offers evidence across Africa that militarypolitical power is detrimental to the positive effect of democracy and hence development. Corruption becomes common where nations are militarised further worsening the development path. Political and economic instability prevails in such nations due to human rights violations caused by militarisation. The study emphasizes the appropriate demilitarisation process for many African nations, establishments of effective civil-military relationships, upholding the rule of law, protecting human rights, avoiding racial and cultural discriminations, institutions autonomy, transparent and collaborative political environment, among other recommendations to ensure attainment of inclusive development and praised democracy. Militarisation is never linked to economic prosperity, rather perpetuates conflict and destruction of states. Post-colonial Africa is in dire need of tangible economic progress, and this is only possible when good policies are effected.

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Section: Militarisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Democracymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Militarisation on Development and Democracy in Africa

Bonga¹,

Mahuku²

2022

JDMS

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“…Libya has long been a destination for millions of people from its neighbouring countries, Algeria aside, who are seeking work and good income from their resource rich neighbour with a low population. In support Mahuni, Taru and Bonga (2020) narrated that Libya has acted as entryway to migrants who make their risky journey to Europe and this has raised burden to the economy as cases of trafficking, and terrorism by gangs are on the rise. All the neighbours of Libya have developed stock markets, Algeria, Egypt, Sudan; with Chad being a member of the Bourse des Valeurs Mobilières de l'Afrique Centrale (BVMAC) and Niger a member of Bourse Régionale des Valeurs Mobilières (BRVM).…”

Section: Figure 1: Libya and Its Neighboursmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Miniscule Exploration of the Libyan Stock Market

Bonga¹,

Siyakiya²

2022

Saudi J Econ Fin

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The formation of the Libyan Stock Market (LSM) has been greatly affected by instability in the country. The stock market has been active, inactive, active and inactive since its inception in 2006. On the other end, there has been a growing concern and existence of constant pressure to activate the stock market for the benefit of the economy. The factional disagreements and a weak security environment that persist pose heavy challenges for developing and re-activating the stock market. The economic outlook for Libya remains uncertain. It remains difficult to forecast economic outcomes with any degree of confidence because of high uncertainty linked to political and security developments. The times when the stock market was active, significant contribution was brought to the economy, and such has been confirmed by many stakeholders. If re-activated the LSM is expected to play vital role in capital supply for investment, which in turn drive economic development in Libya. For effective contribution, LSM should be established on strong and stable foundations.

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Xenophobia: a hindrance factor to South Africa’s ambition of becoming a developmental state

Niyitunga

2024

Front. Hum. Dyn.

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The prevalence of xenophobic violence toward foreigners has hindered South Africa’s ambition to become a developmental state since 2007, when the concept of a “democratic developmental state” was first endorsed during the African National Congress (ANC) conference in Polokwane. This ambition has also been thwarted by the inability of the post-apartheid regime to provide adequate and sustainable services to the citizens. Xenophobia has disrupted economic growth and has contributed to poor service delivery in local municipalities, thus leading to social protests. The developmental state depends mainly on a solid balance of economic growth and human development. It also leans on the capacity of the state to establish policies that address poverty and promote the expansion of solid economic opportunities. In this endeavor, migrants increase economic growth and make it sustainable, increase productivity, and promote the labor market. They also promote the labor force and human capital, economic growth, and public finance, thus enabling the realization of a developmental state. However, xenophobia has limited migrants’ contributions to economic growth and social well-being in South Africa. It has destructive effects on South Africa’s economic structure and growth, thus affecting the delivery of adequate services that would enhance its ability to achieve a developmental state. The paper recommends that there is a need for South Africa to understand that xenophobia affects economic growth and the service delivery framework. To address the prevalence of xenophobia and achieve its ambition of a developmental state, South Africa needs to hasten its responses to curb xenophobia and integrate migrants into economic opportunities. The paper adopted a qualitative research methodology and conceptual and document analysis techniques to collect data that enabled the achievement of the above assertions.

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Africa's Incomplete Cycles of Development

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Militarisation on Development and Democracy in Africa

Effect of Militarisation on Development and Democracy in Africa

A Miniscule Exploration of the Libyan Stock Market

Xenophobia: a hindrance factor to South Africa’s ambition of becoming a developmental state

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