AFM Studies of Protein Adsorption

Adsorption and Bioactivity of Protein A on Silicon Surfaces Studied by AFM and XPS

“…You and Lowe. [14] were able to differentiate nonspecifically or specifically adsorbed IgG by AFM pictures; they found that the specifically adsorbed IgG always present a granular structure similar to ours. Figure 9b is a 225 × 225 nm picture that was measured on the top of the grating.…”

Dynamic adsorption of monoclonal antibody layers on hydrophilic silica surface: A combined study by spectroscopic ellipsometry and AFM

“…Lowe et al [30,31] and OrtegaVinuesa et al [32] have utilized AFM to characterize IgGs adsorbed on different substrates. In their studies, it was difficult to unravel structural details of IgG molecules and visualize the time dependent adsorption progress, partly due to the large scan area and partly due to the high protein surface loading.…”

Adsorbed Layers of Ferritin at Solid and Fluid Interfaces Studied by Atomic Force Microscopy

“…Thus, most early studies were of dried protein layers, and their focus was on the qualitative appearance of individual molecules rather than on the structure of the adsorbed layers (3,4). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) overcomes the two principal problems of STM mentioned above, but it is more intrusive and can lead to "sweeping" of molecules from the surface (5), unless the molecules are covalently immobilized (6). The advent of liquid tapping mode (LTM) AFM has resolved this difficulty (7,8), albeit with some loss of resolution.…”