Abstract:The deposition and dissolution of copper are key processes for the manufacturing of printed circuit boards (PCBs). Prior to copper deposition the insulating substrate surfaces are often activated by palladium particles. One important quality factor of this activation layer is the surface structure, especially the layer thickness and the particle size. AFM investigations can offer access to both of these parameters. The structures of different palladium layers, which were deposited electrochemically, electroles… Show more
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