AFLP genetic polymorphism in wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) populations in Israel

Turpeinen, Timo; Vanhala, Tytti; Nevo, Eviatar; Nissilä, Eero

doi:10.1007/s00122-003-1286-0

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Microsatellites and AFLP molecular markers, residing in both coding and noncoding genomic regions, are at least partly subjected to natural selection or linked to selected loci. Similar results were also obtained for H. spontaneum with RAPDs by Volis et al (2001) and Turpeinen et al (2003), and with SNPs by Cronin et al (2007).…”

Section: Wild Barleysupporting

confidence: 84%

Evolution of wild wheat and barley and crop improvement: Studies at the Institute of Evolution

Nevo

2007

Israel Journal of Plant Sciences

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Human civilization is based on agricultural domestication and cultivation. Evolution of crop plants from their hardy wild progenitors involved massive erosion of the original genetic resources, especially during modern agriculture, making the crops vulnerable and susceptible to abiotic and biotic environmental stresses. The wild relatives are the best hope for crop improvement because of their adaptive complexes to abiotic and biotic stresses. This is especially important in a world where the population and food demands are still increasing. Here, I briefly review the studies conducted at the Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, during 1975-2007 on the ecological genomics and adaptive complexes of wild emmer wheat, Triticum dicoccoides, the progenitor of most wheat, and wild barley, Hordeum spontaneum, the progenitor of cultivated barley. We explored adaptive fitness components and genetic resources of wild cereal genotypes and populations in their center of origin and diversity in the Near East Fertile Crescent. Likewise, we established genetically and agronomically evaluated gene banks in situ and ex situ based on wild populations to safeguard precious genetic resources from disappearing. These include the unique population and species genetic structure and diversity, adaptive phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of salt-, drought-, and disease-resistances as adaptive complexes, as well as domestication QTL and chromosomal organization. These in situ and ex situ resources could be used for cereal improvement and offer the best hope for future breeding programs.

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Section: Wild Barleysupporting

confidence: 84%

Evolution of wild wheat and barley and crop improvement: Studies at the Institute of Evolution

Nevo

2007

Israel Journal of Plant Sciences

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“…; Turpeinen et al . , ; Sharma et al . ), other studies along gradients of environmental stress did not find differences (Volis et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Turpeinen et al . ). We addressed the following questions across four Stipa species: (i) is genetic variation within populations related to bioclimatic variables and population size; (ii) does genetic variation within populations differ among Stipa species with different life histories; (iii) how is genetic variation distributed among and within populations; (iv) is the genetic structure related to bioclimatic regions; and (v) does divergent selection along environmental gradients acting on particular AFLP loci contribute to genetic differentiation?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Bioclimatic regions influence genetic structure of four JordanianStipaspecies

et al. 2012

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Strong environmental gradients can affect the genetic structure of plant populations, but little is known as to whether closely related species respond similarly or idiosyncratically to ecogeographic variation. We analysed the extent to which gradients in temperature and rainfall shape the genetic structure of four Stipa species in four bioclimatic regions in Jordan. Genetic diversity, differentiation and structure of Stipa species were investigated using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) molecular markers. For each of the four study species, we sampled 120 individuals from ten populations situated in distinct bioclimatic regions and assessed the degree of genetic diversity and genetic differentiation within and among populations. The widespread ruderals Stipa capensis and S. parviflora had higher genetic diversity than the geographically restricted semi-desert species S. arabica and S. lagascae. In three of the four species, genetic diversity strongly decreased with precipitation, while genetic diversity increased with temperature in S. capensis. Most genetic diversity resided among populations in the semi-desert species (Φ(ST) = 0.572/0.595 in S. arabica/lagascae) but within populations in the ruderal species (Φ(ST) = 0.355/0.387 S. capensis/parviflora). Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and STRUCTURE analysis showed that Stipa populations of all species clustered ecogeographically. A genome scan revealed that divergent selection at particular AFLP loci contributed to genetic differentiation. Irrespective of their different life histories, Stipa species responded similarly to the bioclimatic gradient in Jordan. We conclude that, in addition to predominant random processes, steep climatic gradients might shape the genetic structure of plant populations.

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“…1998; Owuor et al. 2003), simple sequence repeat (SSR) (Baek, Beharav & Nevo 2003; Wang, Yu & Ding 2009), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) (Turpeinen et al. 2003) and ribosomal DNA (rDNA) (Gupta et al.…”

Section: Genetic Diversity Of Wild Relatives Of Wheat and Barleymentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought and salt tolerances in wild relatives for wheat and barley improvement

Nevo

Chen

2010

Plant Cell & Environment

352

208

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Drought and salinity are the major abiotic stresses that dramatically threaten the food supply in the world. Tribe Triticeae, including wheat and barley, possesses tremendous potential for drought and salt tolerance that has been extensively and practically identified, tested, and transferred to wheat cultivars with proven expression of tolerance in experimental trials. Triticum dicoccoides and Hordeum spontaneum, the progenitors of cultivated wheat and barley, have adapted to a broad range of environments and developed rich genetic diversities for drought and salt tolerances. Drought-and salt-tolerant genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been identified in T. dicoccoides and H. spontaneum and have great potential in wheat and barley improvement. Advanced backcross QTL analysis, the introgression libraries based on wild wheat and wild barley as donors, and positional cloning of natural QTLs will play prevailing roles in elucidating the molecular control of drought and salt tolerance. Combining tolerant genes and QTLs in crop breeding programs aimed at improving tolerance to drought and salinity will be achieved within a multidisciplinary context. Wild genetic resistances to drought and salinity will be shifted in the future from field experiments to the farmer.

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AFLP genetic polymorphism in wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) populations in Israel

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Evolution of wild wheat and barley and crop improvement: Studies at the Institute of Evolution

Evolution of wild wheat and barley and crop improvement: Studies at the Institute of Evolution

Bioclimatic regions influence genetic structure of four JordanianStipaspecies

Drought and salt tolerances in wild relatives for wheat and barley improvement

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