AFLP analysis of relationships among cassava and other Manihot species

Roa, A. C.; Maya, María M.; Duque, Myriam C.; Tohmé, Joe; Allem, Antonio C.; Bonierbale, Merideth

doi:10.1007/s001220050620

Cited by 113 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Later, another Mesoamerican species, M. carthaginensis, was proposed as a wild relative [15,16]. Early studies with molecular markers did not clearly resolve the phylogeny of the genus [17,18]. However, they did identify a clear separation between the Mesoamerican and South American lineages, and found that cultivated manioc always grouped with South American species, suggesting that the crop was domesticated in South America.…”

Section: Maniocmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and Domestication of Native Amazonian Crops

et al. 2010

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Molecular analyses are providing new elements to decipher the origin, domestication and dispersal of native Amazonian crops in an expanding archaeological context. Solid molecular data are available for manioc (Manihot esculenta), cacao (Theobroma cacao), pineapple (Ananas comosus), peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) and guaraná (Paullinia cupana), while hot peppers (Capsicum spp.), inga (Inga edulis), Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) and cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) are being studied. Emergent patterns include the relationships among domestication, antiquity (terminal Pleistocene to early Holocene), origin in the periphery, ample pre-Columbian dispersal and clear phylogeographic population structure for manioc, pineapple, peach palm and, perhaps, Capsicum peppers. Cacao represents the special case of an Amazonian species possibly brought into domestication in Mesoamerica, but close scrutiny of molecular data suggests that it may also have some incipiently domesticated populations in Amazonia. Another pattern includes the relationships among species with incipiently domesticated populations or very recently domesticated populations, rapid pre-or post-conquest dispersal and lack of phylogeographic population structure, e.g., Brazil nut, cupuassu and guaraná . These patterns contrast the peripheral origin of most species with domesticated OPEN ACCESSDiversity 2010, 2 73 populations with the subsequent concentration of their genetic resources in the center of the basin, along the major white water rivers where high pre-conquest population densities developed. Additional molecular genetic analyses on these and other species will allow better examination of these processes and will enable us to relate them to other historical ecological patterns in Amazonia.

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Section: Maniocmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and Domestication of Native Amazonian Crops

et al. 2010

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“…More recently, wild populations of M. esculenta that are likely to be the crop's direct progenitors have been identified in South America (19,25). However, the evolutionary relationship between cassava and its conspecific wild relatives is only beginning to be examined (19,26,27), and there is continued speculation that the crop's origins may extend beyond M. esculenta to hybridizing Manihot species (26,27).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…flabellifolia (Pohl) Ciferri (see also ref. 27). This wild subspecies is found in forest patches in the transition zone between the cerrado (savanna scrub) vegetation of the Brazilian shield plateau and the lowland rainforest of the Amazon basin, where it grows as a clambering understory shrub or treelet.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Brazil, populations occur along the southern and eastern borders of the Amazon basin, in the states of Tocantins, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Rondônia, and Acre. Although cassava is interfertile with subspecies flabellifolia (27) and is cultivated within its range, the population structure of the wild subspecies is not thought to reflect introgression from the crop after domestication. …”

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Evidence on the origin of cassava: Phylogeography of Manihot esculenta

Olsen

Schaal

1999

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

434

299

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Cassava (Manihot esculenta subsp. esculenta) is a staple crop with great economic importance worldwide, yet its evolutionary and geographical origins have remained unresolved and controversial. We have investigated this crop's domestication in a phylogeographic study based on the single-copy nuclear gene glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3pdh). The G3pdh locus provides high levels of noncoding sequence variation in cassava and its wild relatives, with 28 haplotypes identified among 212 individuals (424 alleles) examined. These data represent one of the first uses of a single-copy nuclear gene in a plant phylogeographic study and yield several important insights into cassava's evolutionary origin: (i) cassava was likely domesticated from wild M. esculenta populations along the southern border of the Amazon basin; (ii) the crop does not seem to be derived from several progenitor species, as previously proposed; and (iii) cassava does not share haplotypes with Manihot pruinosa, a closely related, potentially hybridizing species. These findings provide the clearest picture to date on cassava's origin. When considered in a genealogical context, relationships among the G3pdh haplotypes are incongruent with taxonomic boundaries, both within M. esculenta and at the interspecific level; this incongruence is probably a result of lineage sorting among these recently diverged taxa. Although phylogeographic studies in animals have provided many new evolutionary insights, application of phylogeography in plants has been hampered by difficulty in obtaining phylogenetically informative intraspecific variation. This study demonstrates that single-copy nuclear genes can provide a useful source of informative variation in plants.

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“…ciat.cgiar.org/urg/cassavacollection.do). Esta colección de Germoplasma ha sido evaluada, al menos parcialmente, mediante técnicas moleculares, a través del empleo de AFLP y microsatélites (Roa et al, 1997;Fregene et al, 2000) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Evaluación De La Expresión De Genes Implicados en La Biosíntesis De Almidón en Diferentes Variedades De Yuca

Sierra¹,

Chavarriaga²,

Ceballos³

et al. 2014

Acta biol. Colomb.

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Citation / Citar este artículo como: Cortés Sierra S, Chavarriaga P, Ceballos H, López Carrascal C. Evaluación de la expresión de genes implicados en la biosíntesis de almidón en diferentes variedades de yuca. Acta biol. Colomb. 2015;20(2):37-46. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/abc.v20n2.42875 RESUMENLas raíces almacenadoras de yuca representan una fuente importante de almidón. La ruta metabólica del almidón ha sido reconstruida recientemente en yuca gracias a la liberación de la secuencia completa de su genoma. En este estudio se evaluó la expresión de los genes que codifican para las enzimas pululanasa, isoamilasa, α-amilasa, enzima desproporcionante, ADP-glucosa pirofoforilasa, almidón sintasa unida al gránulo, enzima ramificante del almidón y sintasa soluble del almidón, en las raíces almacenadoras de plantas de cinco y 11 meses de edad, en un grupo de cinco variedades de yuca. Se evidenciaron diferencias importantes en la expresión de estos genes entre las variedades evaluadas y entre los dos tiempos. Las variedades CM523-7 y SM1219-2 presentaron uno de los niveles más altos de expresión para los genes ADP-glucosa pirofoforilasa y almidón sintasa unida al gránulo mientras que el gen para α-amilasa fue el más bajo en estas dos variedades. Aunque la variedad TMS60444 presentó niveles de expresión similares en genes implicados en la síntesis de almidón, fue la que presentó el mayor nivel de expresión de la α-amilasa. Estos datos se pueden correlacionar con el relativo bajo contenido de materia seca en esta variedad. Los datos de expresión génica presentados en este trabajo permitirán complementar información sobre actividad enzimática con miras a identificar los elementos más importantes en la acumulación diferencial de almidón entre variedades de yuca.Palabras clave: expresión diferencial, metabolismo, qRT-PCR. ABSTRACTCassava storage roots represent an important starch source. Recently, the starch metabolic pathway in cassava has been reconstructed thanks to the full release of its genome. In this study gene expression was evaluated for genes coding pullulanase, isoamylase, α-amylase, deproportionating enzyme, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, granule bound starch synthase, starch branching enzyme and soluble starch synthase, in cassava storage roots five and 11 months old, in five cassava varieties. Important gene expression differences were detected both at the variety and time level. CM523-7 and SM1219-2 showed one of the highest expression levels for AGPase and GBSS genes, while α-amylase showed the lowest level in these two varieties. TMS60444 variety showed similar expression levels in starch biosynthesis-related genes, but conversely also showed the highest α-amylase expression. This correlates with the relative low dry-matter content in TMS60444. Gene expression data reported here will allow complementing actual information on enzymatic activity, in order to identify the most relevant factors in differential starch accumulation between cassava varieties.

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AFLP analysis of relationships among cassava and other Manihot species

Cited by 113 publications

References 11 publications

Origin and Domestication of Native Amazonian Crops

Origin and Domestication of Native Amazonian Crops

Evidence on the origin of cassava: Phylogeography of Manihot esculenta

Evaluación De La Expresión De Genes Implicados en La Biosíntesis De Almidón en Diferentes Variedades De Yuca

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