Aflatoxin‐producing fungi associated with Nigerian maize

Aja-Nwachukwu, Jane; Emejuaiwe, S. O.

doi:10.1002/tox.2530090104

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Different species of the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium, Alternaria, Fusarium and Acremonium were isolated in maize grains samples from Kano and Plateau Opadokun and Ikeorah ( 1983 ), as well as from Aba, Abakaliki, Afikpo, Okigwe and Owerri – all in southeast Nigeria by Aja‐Nwachukwu and Emejuaiwe ( 1994 ). These fungi species are implicated as aflatoxicogenic in common foodstuff.…”

Section: Mycotoxins Contamination Of Food and Feeds In Nigeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Updates on food and feed mycotoxin contamination and safety in Africa with special reference to Nigeria

et al. 2021

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Mycotoxin contamination of food and feed is a major concern in sub-Sahara African countries, particularly Nigeria. It represents a significant limit to health of human, livestock as well as the international trade. Aflatoxins, fumonisins, ochratoxin, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol and beauvericin are the major mycotoxins recognised in the aetiology of food safety challenges that precipitated countless number of diseases. In Nigeria, aflatoxins and fumonisin found in nearly all crops are the most common mycotoxins of economic and health importance such as sorghum, maize and groundnuts. Thus, consumption of food contaminated with mycotoxins are inevitable, hence the need for adequate regulation is necessary in these frontier economies as done in many developed economies to ensure food safety for human and animals. In low and middle-income countries, especially Nigeria, there is lack of awareness and sufficient information on the risk associated with consequent of mycotoxin contamination on wellbeing of human, animals health and the economy. It is based on the foregoing that this paper summarized the status of mycotoxin present in Nigerian food and feeds relative to the global regulatory standards. This aimed at preventing consuming mycotoxin contaminated food stuff while confronting its associated challenges. Suggestions on some possible control strategies to mitigate vending mycotoxin food and feeds were made.

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Section: Mycotoxins Contamination Of Food and Feeds In Nigeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Updates on food and feed mycotoxin contamination and safety in Africa with special reference to Nigeria

et al. 2021

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“…The foods at highest risk of aflatoxin contamination are corn, peanut and cotton seed 5 . Aflatoxin B1 has been detected in 80% of maize samples obtained from different locations in Southeast Nigeria 6 and similarly 92 % of animal feed samples taken from commercial sources in Thailand were contaminated with aflatoxin B1 7 . In at least three parts of the world, East Africa, the Philippines and Thailand, good epidemiological evidence has been collected showing a correlation between the incidence of liver cancer and exposure to aflatoxins 5 .…”

Section: That Can Invadementioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Cassia alata Leaves Powder on Inhibition of Aspergillus flavus Growth and Aflatoxin Production

Chinnathambi¹

2012

Biosci., Biotechnol. Res. Asia

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Aflatoxin, a toxin produced by the fungus Aspergillus flavus Link: Fries, occurs naturally in maize (Zea mays L.). Aflatoxin is a potent human carcinogen and is also toxic to livestock, pets, and wildlife. When contaminated with aflatoxin, the value of maize grain is markedly reduced. In the present study, an attempt was made to evaluate the inhibition of Aspergillus flavus growth and aflatoxin production with using Cassia alata. The experimental design was elevated using T1 (control, Healthy maize), T2 (Healthy maize+Aspergillus flavus, T3 (Healthy maize + Aspergillus flavus + Plant powder), T4 (Healthy maize + Plant powder). The healthy samples were inoculated artificially with A. flavus and treated maize seeds were stored at room temperature in airtight polyethylene bags till analysis. This stored maize was taken on 3 rd , 6 th , 9 th and 12 th (3 month interval) month after treatment for analysis of aflatoxin production and growth of Aspergillus flavus. Isolated colonies of A. flavus was identified based on the cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics. Further, 10% concentration the Cassia alata leaves powder delayed the growth of A. ûavus and complete inhibition was observed upto 120 days. The aflatoxin production was observed in HPTLC and the highest percentage reduction inT 3 compare other treatments. Hence, the present study was concluded that the antifungal effects of the plant powder observed and has a potential for use as a aflatoxin inhibitor.

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“…Though the risk is major, it is unappreciated by those residing in these third world countries as reported by Bandyopadhyay et al (2007). A survey conducted on maize in Southeast Nigeria indicated that 80% of samples from different locations in the area were aflatoxin contaminated (Aja-Nwachukwu and Emejuaiwe, 2006); while that on street vended corn and groundnut-based snacks in Lagos showed 36% contamination with total aflatoxins exceeding permissible limits for the country (Ezekiel et al, 2012) . Similar experiment in Thailand showed that…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxins in Stored Agricultural Products: Implications to Food Safety and Health and Prospects of Plant-derived Pesticides as Novel Approach to their Management

Enyiukwu¹,

Awurum²,

Nwaneri³

2014

GJMA

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Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites from some species of Aspergillus, Fusarium Penicillium and their related fungi. Their contamination results generally in inferior quality of produce and produce end-products, food safety and ultimately barriers trans-border marketability of agro-produce. Though the presence of mycotoxigenic fungus on produce does not always translate to presence of mycotoxins; however, mycotoxins are silent killers and their effects could be submerged over a long period of time especially during intermittent exposures. These fungal toxins when ingested or inhaled participate in several metabolic dysfunctions in human and livestock systems such as immunological imbalance, cancers, allergies, abortions and in some cases death of the affected hosts. Conditions of high temperatures and relative humidity coupled with poor store standards and hygiene which characterized tropical subsistence farmsteads encourage mouldiness and mycotoxin contamination of agricultural products. The mycotoxins of most agricultural importance (aflatoxins, fumonisins, ochratoxins, trichothecenes) were enumerated in this review while their management strategies were also highlighted; with emphasis on plant-derived antimycotoxigenic interventions useable in low-input agricultural production systems of sub-Saharan Africa.

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Aflatoxin‐producing fungi associated with Nigerian maize

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Updates on food and feed mycotoxin contamination and safety in Africa with special reference to Nigeria

Updates on food and feed mycotoxin contamination and safety in Africa with special reference to Nigeria

Efficacy of Cassia alata Leaves Powder on Inhibition of Aspergillus flavus Growth and Aflatoxin Production

Mycotoxins in Stored Agricultural Products: Implications to Food Safety and Health and Prospects of Plant-derived Pesticides as Novel Approach to their Management

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