Aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination of yam flour from markets in Nigeria

Somorin, Yinka; Bertuzzi, Terenzio; Battilani, Paola; Pietri, Amedeo

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.10.007

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…AFs B 1 , B 2 , G 1 , and G 2 , fungal strain's secondary metabolites ( A.flavus, A. parasiticus, and Aspergillus nomius ), grow on different food and feed commodities at the time of growing, harvesting, storing, and transporting (Jiang et al, ; Somorin, Bertuzzi, Battilani, & Pietri, ). Among all AF, AFB 1 has the highest occurrence in cereal products (EFSA, ).…”

Section: The Occurrence Of Af In Cerealsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aflatoxins in cereals: State of the art

Khaneghah

Eş

Raeisi

et al. 2018

Journal of Food Safety

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Recently, the contamination of food products, particularity cereals with aflatoxins (AF) as secondary metabolites generated by some of fungal genera species raised serious concerns. AF as the highly toxic compounds could pass through metabolic processes in unaltered forms and consequently accumulate in the tissues of humans and animals. The consumption of AF contaminated cereal, cereal‐based products as both food and feed is considered as a serious issue, which should be controlled through conducting prevention strategies and legislation. However, in some cases, the detoxification or elimination process also can be approached. The current article took an overview regarding physicochemical properties of AF, as well as their absorption, digestion, metabolism, and excretion in cereals. Also, the chronic and acute aflatoxicosis along prevention strategies and control mechanisms were discussed. Practical applications Cereal and cereal‐based products can be considered as one of the most important sources of food as well as energy in many countries. Despite this, cereals and cereal‐based foods may present contamination by several mycotoxins, as one of the challenging issues in cereal‐based products. The adverse effects of contamination by mycotoxins on food safety and food quality are reserved huge concerns. The knowledge regarding the physicochemical properties of aflatoxins as well as their control can aid the food industry to keep the quality of food products in an acceptable level.

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Section: The Occurrence Of Af In Cerealsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aflatoxins in cereals: State of the art

Khaneghah

Eş

Raeisi

et al. 2018

Journal of Food Safety

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“…Yam flour may be particularly contaminated by species of the species Aspergillus, Mucur, Rhizopus, and Penicillium which add the genera Fusarium in the case of yam chips. Among 18 different types of aflatoxins that have been identified, major ones are aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2, where aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exists predominantly in food products and is the most toxic, it is a potential genotoxic carcinogen in laboratory animal and it is a liver carcinogen in human (Somorin et al, 2012). Occurrence of aflatoxin B1 has been identified in some food commodities such as dry yam chips, cassava flour, gari, maize flour etc., sold in African markets, with its concentration sometimes above the tolerance level of 15 μg/kg total aflatoxin fixed by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (Simorin et al, 2012;Gbolagade et al, 2011).…”

Section: Mycotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cassava (Manihot esculentaCrantz) and Yam (Dioscoreaspp.) Crops and Their Derived Foodstuffs: Safety, Security and Nutritional Value

Ferraro

Piccirillo

Tomlins

et al. 2015

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and yam (Dioscorea spp.) are tropical crops consumed by ca. 2 billion people and represent the main source of carbohydrate and energy for the approximately 700 million people living in the tropical and sub-tropical areas. They are a guarantee of food security for developing countries. The production of these crops and the transformation into food-derived commodities is increasing, it represents a profitable business and farmers generate substantial income from their market. However, there are some important concerns related to the food safety and food security. The high post-harvest losses, mainly for yam, the contamination by endogenous toxic compounds, mainly for cassava, and the contamination by external agents (such as micotoxins, pesticides, and heavy metal) represent a depletion of economic value and income. The loss in the raw crops or the impossibility to market the derived foodstuffs, due to incompliance with food regulations, can seriously limit all yam tubers and the cassava roots processors, from farmers to household, from small-medium to large enterprises. One of the greatest challenges to overcome those concerns is the transformation of traditional or indigenous processing methods into modern industrial operations, from the crop storage to the adequate package of each derived foodstuff.

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“…performance and consequently lead to economic problems for livestock and poultry industries (Somorin, Bertuzzi, Battilani, & Pietri, 2012). The removal of AFs from contaminated diet and feedstuffs still represents a great problem which needs more investigation to find effective decontamination technologies (Assar, Attia, & Eid, 2018;János, Sándor, Zsanett, Csaba, & Beáta, 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

Dietary supplementation of potassium sorbate, hydrated sodium calcium almuniosilicate and methionine enhances growth, antioxidant status and immunity in growing rabbits exposed to aflatoxin B1 in the diet

Reda

Ismail

El-Mekkawy

et al. 2019

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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| INTRODUC TI ONMycotoxins are secondary toxic metabolites of the fungi that grow on feedstuffs in the field or during their storage, and they are known to cause health problems or death if ingested by human or animals (Qazi & Fayyaz, 2006). Aflatoxins (AFs) produced by the fungi, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, are considered one of the most toxic metabolites which contaminate feed and feed ingredients all over the world. In farm animals including rabbit which represents one of the most sensitive species to AF toxicity, the consumption of diets contaminated with AFs resulted in anorexia, decreased feed intake, altered feed utilization, reduced weight gain, inhibited growth, immune suppression, increased susceptibility to different stressors and diseases and increased mortality rate, altered reproductive AbstractThe present experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with some feed additives (potassium sorbate; Sor, hydrated sodium calcium almuniosilicate; Hsc and L-methionine; L-M) against aflatoxin B1 (AF) toxicity in rabbits. A total of 72 growing rabbits (5-week-old) were distributed into six equal groups (4 replicates with 3 rabbits each). The experimental groups are as follows:control group, AF group (supplemented with AF 0.3 mg/kg diet), AF + Sor group (AF 0.3 mg/kg diet + Sor 2 g/kg diet), AF + Hsc group (AF 0.3 mg/kg diet + Hsc 5 g/kg diet), AF + L-M group (AF 0.3 mg/kg diet + L-M 8 g/kg diet) and AF + Mix group (AF 0.3 mg/kg diet + 2 Sor + 5 Hsc + 8 L-M g/kg diet). Live body weight and weight gain at 13 weeks of age were significantly reduced by AF. Feed intake at 13 weeks of age was decreased in AF, AF + Hsc and AF + Mix compared to the control. AF, AF + Hsc and AF + Mix showed the lowest total antioxidant capacity compared to the control.The highest level of reactive oxygen species and 8-Hydroxy-2-desoxyguanosine was observed in AF group. Using of other supplements with AF increased immunoglobu-linM than AF alone. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of Sor, L-M, Hsc or their mixture was effective in reducing the adverse effects of AF on performance, antioxidant and immune status of rabbits with more better improvement obtained by Sor or L-M separately. K E Y W O R D SAFB1, antioxidant, growth, Hsc, immunity, methionine, potassium sorbate, rabbits | 197 REDA Et Al.

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Aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination of yam flour from markets in Nigeria

Cited by 27 publications

References 29 publications

Aflatoxins in cereals: State of the art

Aflatoxins in cereals: State of the art

Cassava (Manihot esculentaCrantz) and Yam (Dioscoreaspp.) Crops and Their Derived Foodstuffs: Safety, Security and Nutritional Value

Dietary supplementation of potassium sorbate, hydrated sodium calcium almuniosilicate and methionine enhances growth, antioxidant status and immunity in growing rabbits exposed to aflatoxin B1 in the diet

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