Aflatoxicosis alters avian renal function, calcium, and vitamin d metabolism

Glahn, Raymond P.; Beers, K. W.; Bottje, W. G.; Wideman, Robert F.; Huff, W. E.; Thomas, W. C.

doi:10.1080/15287399109531570

Cited by 62 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The decreased serum total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose values and increased ASAT activity observed in the present study (P < 0.05; Tables 3 and 4) were due to the hepatotoxic effects of AF characterized by the inhibition of protein synthesis and impairment of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism (Rosa et al, 2001). The decrease in serum inorganic phosphorus and creatinine values (P < 0.05) may be related to the nephrotoxic effects of AF in agreement with other studies (Glahn et al, 1991;Harvey et al, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Effect of dietary esterified glucomannan on performance, serum biochemistry and haematology in broilers exposed to aflatoxin

Basmacıoğlu¹,

Oguz²,

Ergül³

et al. 2005

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

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The amelioration of aflatoxicosis in broiler chickens was examined by feeding two concentrations of yeast component (esterified glucomannan; EG). EG, incorporated into the diet at 0.5 and 1 g/kg, was evaluated for its ability to reduce the detrimental effects of 2 mg total aflatoxin (AF; 82.72% AFB1, 5.50% AFB2, 10.20% AFG1 and 1.58% AFG2) in diet on growing broiler chicks from 1 to 21 d of age. A total of 240 male broiler chicks (Ross-308) were divided into 6 treatment groups [control, AF, EG (0.5 g/kg), AF plus EG (0.5 g/kg), EG (1 g/kg), and AF plus EG (1 g/kg)]. Compared to the control, AF treatment significantly decreased body weight gain from week 2 onwards. AF treatment also caused significant decreases in serum total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, inorganic phosphorus, creatinine levels and alanine-aminotransferase (ALAT) activity but increased the aspartate-aminotransferase (ASAT) activity. Red blood cell, haematocrit, haemoglobin, thrombocyte, and lymphocyte counts and tibial crude ash levels were significantly reduced by AF treatment, while significant increases were seen in heterophil counts. The addition of EG (1 g/kg) to an AF-containing diet significantly improved the adverse effects of AF on haematological parameters, total protein, albumin values and ASAT activity. EG (1 g/kg) also partially improved body weight gains (59%) and the other biochemical parameters influenced by AF treatment. The addition of EG (both 0.5 and 1 g/kg) to the AF-free diet did not cause any considerable changes in the investigated values. These results clearly indicated that EG (1 g/kg) addition effectively diminished the adverse effects of AF on the investigated values. Also, the higher dietary concentration of EG (1 g/kg) was found more effective than the lower concentration (0.5 g/kg) against the adverse effects of AF on the variables investigated in this study.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Effect of dietary esterified glucomannan on performance, serum biochemistry and haematology in broilers exposed to aflatoxin

Basmacıoğlu¹,

Oguz²,

Ergül³

et al. 2005

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

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“…A renal lesion was observed during the intoxication period, where calcium and phosphorus may have been lost. Glahn et al (1991) found that aflatoxin in broiler chickens caused a severe renal lesion which affected calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Serum calcium and phosphorus increased rapidly after the intoxication period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of clinical biochemical parameters of laying hens and broiler chickens fed aflatoxin‐containing feed

et al. 1994

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SUMMARYTwo groups of 32 laying hens (Hyssex Brown) and two groups of 32 23-day-old (Hybro) broiler chickens were fed 2.5 and 5 parts/10 6 of aflatoxin in their diet for 4, 8, 16 and 32 days; 16 hens and 32 chicks were maintained as control groups (0 parts/10 6 ). After the intoxication period, a clearance period was established of 1, 2, 4 and 8 days. Relative weights of liver and kidneys significantly increased in intoxicated hens, but not in broiler chickens. Histological lesions in both types of bird consisted of hepatic cell vacuolation with fatty infiltration. There was a significant decrease (P< 0.001) in egg production in the 5 parts/10 6 group, which started to recover during the clearance period. No morbidity or mortality due to the aflatoxicosis were observed in either type of bird. In intoxicated laying hens, cholesterol levels were not significantly (P> 0.05) different from control values, but triglyceride levels decreased (P< 0.001) in both intoxicated groups. The effect of aflatoxin on calcium and phosphorus levels was important, because on the 4th day their values decreased significantly. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) serum levels remained normal, whereas alanino aminotransferase (ALT) activity decreased in both intoxicated groups. The activity of serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and gammaglutamil transferase (GGT) increased significantly. In intoxicated broiler chickens, aflatoxins did not alter (P> 0.05) the biochemical parameters studied, except that the serum calcium concentration was lower in the 5 parts/10 6 group. These data indicated that in intoxicated laving hens, a severe clinical biochemical alteration was produced, and that this together with the hepatic lesions observed in hens and broilers may aid disease diagnosis.

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“…On the other hand, Glahn et al (1991) observed lower total plasma calcium levels and higher fractional calcium excretion in AF-fed broilers compared with the controls, and concluded the direct and indirect effects of AF on calcium and phosphorus metabolism may due a reduction in the endogenous synthesis of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) and of the renal sensitivity to PTH (Glahn et al, 1991). The supplementation of 2.5 ppm AF (Giroir et al, 1991) or 3.5 ppm AF (Smith et al, 1992) to broiler chicks for three weeks decreased serum calcium and phosphorus levels.…”

Section: Multi-criteria Analysis To Prioritize Energy Sources For Ambmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The consumption of OTA-contaminated diets (2 mg/kg PO) by three-week-old male broiler chickens for ten days reduced urinary fractional sodium content and potassium excretion (Glahn et al, 1991). On the other hand, Glahn et al (1991) observed lower total plasma calcium levels and higher fractional calcium excretion in AF-fed broilers compared with the controls, and concluded the direct and indirect effects of AF on calcium and phosphorus metabolism may due a reduction in the endogenous synthesis of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) and of the renal sensitivity to PTH (Glahn et al, 1991).…”

Section: Multi-criteria Analysis To Prioritize Energy Sources For Ambmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic Effects of Ochratoxin A on Calcium Metabolism during Chick Embryo Developmentand in Hatched Chicks

Elsayed

Hatab

Elaroussi

2017

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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The present study was carried out to study the effect of inovo ochratoxin A (OTA) injection in Highline layer eggs on calcium metabolism and blood biochemical parameters of embryos and after the hatch. At day 10 of embryonic development, one hundred and sixty-two fertile eggs were individually weighed and divided into two equal treatments. The first treatment (control) consisted of the individual injection of fertile eggs with 50 µL sodium carbonate. In the second treatment (OTA), fertile eggs were individually injected with 12.5 ng OTA dissolved in 50 µL sodium carbonate. On days 12, 14, and 16 of incubation and at the hatch, serum calcium and inorganic phosphorus concentrations were lower (p<0.05), while sodium, alkaline phosphatase and triiodothyronine concentrations were higher (p<0.05) in the OTA-injected eggs compared with the controls. Serum potassium concentration was not affected (p<0.05) by OTA treatment. Lower calcium and phosphorus levels were determined (p<0.05) in the allantoic fluid of OTA-injected eggs compared with the controls. On days 12, 14, and 16 of incubation and at the hatch, lower whole body and yolk calcium and phosphorus, but not sodium levels, were measured (p<0.05) in the OTA treatment compared with the controls. In conclusion, the injection of eggs with OTA reduced blood calcium and phosphorus levels, which were associated with reduced whole body and yolk content from these electrolytes. Therefore, ochratoxin A had a negative effect on calcium metabolism.

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Aflatoxicosis alters avian renal function, calcium, and vitamin d metabolism

Cited by 62 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of dietary esterified glucomannan on performance, serum biochemistry and haematology in broilers exposed to aflatoxin

Effect of dietary esterified glucomannan on performance, serum biochemistry and haematology in broilers exposed to aflatoxin

Variations of clinical biochemical parameters of laying hens and broiler chickens fed aflatoxin‐containing feed

Toxic Effects of Ochratoxin A on Calcium Metabolism during Chick Embryo Developmentand in Hatched Chicks

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