Affective Instability Prior to and after Thoughts about Self-Injury in Individuals With and At-Risk of Psychosis: A Mobile Phone Based Study

Abstract

It has been proposed that affective instability may be associated with thoughts about self-injury. The aim of this study was to test the hypotheses that instability in feelings of depression, but not anxiety, guilt, or hostility, would predict greater concurrent and subsequent thoughts about self-injury. Thirty-six individuals with psychosis completed questions on touch-screen mobile phones at semi-random times each day for one week. The instability of depression predicted greater concurrent and subsequent levels of thoughts about self-injury, even when controlling for depression level. Conversely, self-injurious thoughts predicted more stable depression. The instability of guilt, anxiety, and hostility did not significantly predict levels of thoughts about self-injury. Results indicate that a variable depressive state may trigger the onset of thoughts about self-injury, which increases the risk of its subsequent recurrence. The onset of self-injurious thoughts may, however, have a stabilizing effect on subsequent depression.

Emerging mHealth and eHealth interventions for serious mental illness: a review of the literature

“…Seven interventions were delivered using smartphones or other mobile platforms. Many interventions relied on automated prompting of participants to report symptoms at specific times during the day including mood, psychological state, or positive and negative affect (Ainsworth et al, 2013; Ben-Zeev et al, 2012; Bopp et al, 2010; Depp et al, 2012; Faurholt-Jepsen et al, 2014; Palmier-Claus et al, 2012; Palmier-Claus, Ainsworth, et al, 2013; Palmier-Claus, Rogers, et al, 2013; Palmier-Claus et al, 2014), except for one smartphone program designed to continuously collect data on movement, location, physical activity, and social interactions in combination with question prompts (Grünerbl et al, 2012). There was one computer-based intervention for recording mood and measures of medications, sleep, life events, menstrual data, and weight (Bauer et al, 2004), and one online intervention for daily rating of mood, anxiety, and depression (Lieberman et al, 2010; Lieberman et al, 2011).…”

Improving Adherence to Web-Based and Mobile Technologies for People With Psychosis: Systematic Review of New Potential Predictors of Adherence

“…Although other predictors of adherence were examined (age, gender, cognition, negative symptoms, and persecutory delusions), none were found to have a significant effect. Two studies also found significant predictors of dropout: severity of symptoms [ 39 ], younger age, and male gender [ 31 ].…”

The Temporal Association Between Self‐Injurious Thoughts and Psychotic Symptoms: A Mobile Phone Assessment Study

“…In the original validation study, the item “I have had thoughts about harming myself” was included in the depression momentary assessment scale. For the purpose of this analysis and other papers (Palmier‐Claus, Ainsworth, et al., ), this item was included as a separate scale to measure SITs. Logistic regression suggested that this momentary assessment item was a strong predictor of suicidality measures on the Calgary Depression Scale (Addington, Addington, & Schissel, ; OR = 2.40, SE = .790, p = .008), attesting to convergent validity of this item.…”