Affective Disorders

Beach, Steven R. H.; Whisman, Mark A.

doi:10.1111/j.1752-0606.2011.00243.x

Cited by 87 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(143 reference statements)

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“…For example, clinicians might consider a couple therapy approach to individual depression specifically in cases where the individual lacks important ER capabilities, is in a discordant relationship that hampers ER, or has shown limited progress on ER skills in individual work (see Beach & Whisman, 2012). By far, however, the dominant treatment modality for depression is at the individual level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotion regulation and depressive symptoms: Close relationships as social context and influence.

Marroquín¹,

Nolen–Hoeksema

2015

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Depression is associated with social dysfunction and maladaptive social environments, but mechanisms through which social relationships affect depressive psychopathology are unclear. We hypothesized that emotion regulation (ER) is such a mechanism, with outcomes of individuals’ ER efforts sensitive to the social context, and individuals’ ER strategy repertoire and use sensitive to social influence. In Study 1, a longitudinal study of community adults (N = 1,319), associations of individuals’ ER strategies with depressive symptoms depended on social connectedness and romantic relationship status (social context hypothesis). Moreover, associations of social connectedness and relationship status with symptoms were accounted for by maladaptive ER concurrently and, for social connectedness, prospectively over 1 year (social influence hypothesis). Study 2a, using a national sample (N = 772), replicated and extended these findings with a broader array of ER strategies, and ruled out alternative explanations regarding social skills and psychological wellbeing. Among participants in romantic relationships (Study 2b; N = 558), intimacy and trust buffered associations of maladaptive ER strategies with symptoms (context), and maladaptive and adaptive ER mediated links between relationship variables and symptoms (influence). Findings suggest that close relationships—and variation in underlying relational processes within relationships— influence the ER strategies people use, and also affect whether individuals’ own ER repertoires contribute to depression when deployed. Results elucidate core social mechanisms of ER in terms of both basic processes and depressive psychopathology, suggest ER is a channel through which social factors affect internal functioning and mental health, and inform relationship pathways for clinical intervention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotion regulation and depressive symptoms: Close relationships as social context and influence.

Marroquín¹,

Nolen–Hoeksema

2015

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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“…Using conceptual tools from recent theories on genetic effects in family contexts (Belsky & Pluess, 2009) and the stress generation framework for understanding the transformation and accumulation of stress over time in family contexts (Beach & Whisman, 2011; Hammen, 2006), it appears possible to construct a coherent contextual amplification model. DRD4 effects observed in the current investigation suggest that the dopaminergic system may have a range of effects relevant to understanding family dynamics and their interplay with stressful environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic moderation of contextual effects on negative arousal and parenting in African-American parents.

Beach¹,

Lei²,

Brody³

et al. 2012

Journal of Family Psychology

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A three-stage context amplification model was tested with a sample of 345 African American parent-child dyads. The model combined the conceptual structure of stress generation with recent findings regarding genetic susceptibility. Because the 7R+ allele of the dopamine transporter (DRD4) has the potential to enhance contextual priming and arousal, this allele was examined as a potential moderator of each stage of the amplification process. Particular attention was given to the hypothesized influence of parental negative arousal on valence of parent-child interactions. The literature on genetic susceptibility led to the hypothesis that DRD4 would moderate each stage of the model in a “for better or for worse” manner. The model was partially supported. DRD4 moderated effects at all three stages of the model and, as hypothesized, DRD4 moderated contextual effects on negative arousal in a “for better or for worse” manner. Effects on parent-child interaction, however, were moderated in a “for worse” manner only. These results indicate that parenting interactions may amplify the effects of positive and negative contexts in a stress-generating manner, and that a susceptibility framework captures the way in which DRD4 moderates the impact of context on negative arousal.

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“…Earlier work in this area focused on partner-assisted interventions for agoraphobia (Dewey & Hunsley, 1990), BMT for depression (Beach & O'Leary, 1993;Jacobson et al, 1991), and adjunct BMT to individual-based treatments for substance use (Fals-Stewart, O'Farrell, & Birchler, 2001;Fals-Stewart et al, 1996). Renewed interest in this area is likely a result of the field's improved understanding of how psychopathology and relationship dysfunction are linked, and the development of efficacious individual treatments for individual disorders and efficacious couple therapy.…”

Section: Empirical Support For Couple-based Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Couple‐Based Interventions for Psychopathology: A Renewed Direction for the Field

et al. 2014

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This article provides a rationale and empirical support for providing couple-based interventions when one partner in a relationship is experiencing individual psychopathology. Several investigations indicate that relationship distress and psychopathology are associated and reciprocally influence each other, such that the existence of relationship distress predicts the development of subsequent psychopathology and vice versa. Furthermore, findings indicate that for several disorders, individual psychotherapy is less effective if the client is in a distressed relationship. Finally, even within happy relationships, partners often inadvertently behave in ways that maintain or exacerbate symptoms for the other individual. Thus, within both satisfied and distressed relationships, including the partner in a couple-based intervention provides an opportunity to use the partner and the relationship as a resource rather than a stressor for an individual experiencing some form of psychological distress. The authors propose that a promising approach to including the partner in treatment involves (a) integrating intervention principles from empirically supported interventions for individual therapy for specific disorders with (b) knowledge of how to employ relationships to promote individual and dyadic change. Based on this logic, the article includes several examples to demonstrate how couple-based interventions can be focused on a specific type of psychopathology, including encouraging empirical findings for these interventions. The article concludes with recommendations for how clinicians and researchers can adapt their knowledge of couple therapy to assist couples in which one partner is experiencing notable psychological distress or diagnosable psychopathology.

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Affective Disorders

Cited by 87 publications

References 81 publications

Emotion regulation and depressive symptoms: Close relationships as social context and influence.

Emotion regulation and depressive symptoms: Close relationships as social context and influence.

Genetic moderation of contextual effects on negative arousal and parenting in African-American parents.

Couple‐Based Interventions for Psychopathology: A Renewed Direction for the Field

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