Film and television special effect embodies the new development of the combination of visual technology and art. It has become an effective expression method of contemporary movies and an indispensable technical guarantee for creative realization. This article mainly studies the special effects of interactive film and television animation in visual design. This article attempts to take the perspective of visual design as an entry point, push traditional film and television animation to the forefront of technology, and combine the new characteristics of film and television animation with the changes in science to analyze the influence of traditional film special effects theory on digital technology. The changes in the spatial form that have occurred underneath. In this special effects creation, film and television special effects technology and space performance theory are combined. In theory, the three spatial forms in film and television special effects creation are redefined and expressed according to creative practice. They are spatial expression from scratch, spatial expression combining virtual and real, and interactive expression between space and people or things. Technically, it has achieved a breakthrough in its own capabilities. Experimental data shows that under the three backgrounds of medium saturation + high brightness, low brightness + high saturation, and medium brightness + high saturation, there is no more comfortable foreground color to match with it, showing obvious visual discomfort.