“…The students were asked to fill out a rating scale measuring a variety of speaker attributes. The students rated the speakers with Vietnamese-accented English as having a stronger accent, exhibiting less proficiency at communication, employing less power, and exerting a more negative effect on listeners than the speakers who spoke American-accented English (Hosoda et al, 2007). In addition, Lindemann (2003) conducted a study in which native English speakers listened to English recordings from both native Korean and English speakers and were asked to rate the speakers' voices on six status-related traits (e.g., intelligence, incompetence) and six solidarity-like traits (e.g., friendliness, insincerity).…”