Affecting Factors of Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Korea: Focused on Different Exposure Locations

Sun, Li Yuan; Cheong, Hae-Kwan; Lee, Eun Whan; Kang, Kyeong Jin; Park, Jae Hyun

doi:10.3346/jkms.2016.31.9.1362

Cited by 14 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Korean and Chinese Americans come from countries where most women are non‐smokers, and such assertive behaviour may not be prevalent. Men in China and South Korea have high smoking prevalence rates (53% and 42%) , whereas women in these countries have low smoking prevalence rates (2% and 6%) but high SHS exposure (China: 64% at home, 83% in restaurants; Korea: 12% at home, 81% in public places) . Immigration to the USA may shift smoking norms and willingness to engage in assertive smoke‐free behaviours.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐smoker assertive behaviour against smoke exposure: Chinese and Korean American non‐smokers

Saw

Tang

Tsoh

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Review

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Introduction Non-smokers’ assertive behaviour towards smokers by asking them not to smoke is important in promoting smokefree environments. Korean and Chinese Americans come from countries where most women are non-smokers and assertive behaviour may not be prevalent but may increase after migration due to social-ecological factors. This study assessed the extent to which Korean and Chinese American non-smokers ask someone not to smoke and associated factors. Methods The 2003 California Chinese American and Korean American Tobacco Use Surveys were analysed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses examined factors related to non-smoker self-reports that they asked someone not to smoke within the past year. Results Forty percent reported past year assertive behaviour against smoking, with higher rates among Koreans than Chinese (60.4% vs. 34.5%). Rates were also higher among those living with smokers (63.5%), ever exposed with a smokefree home rule (62.3%), recently exposed at work without a smokefree work policy (67.6%) and regularly exposed at other locations (52.3%). In combined multivariate analyses of both ethnic groups, assertive behaviour was associated with individual factors (single vs. married, tobacco exposure knowledge), family factors (living with smokers, exposed at home despite a smokefree rule), community factors (exposed at work with no smokefree policy, exposed at other locations) and cultural factors (Korean vs. Chinese ethnicity, lower acculturation). Discussion and Conclusions Chinese and Korean American non-smokers report assertive behaviour against smoking, which is associated with social-ecological factors. Results help identify target groups and strategies for future intervention, including the need to implement or enforce smokefree environments and promote empowerment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐smoker assertive behaviour against smoke exposure: Chinese and Korean American non‐smokers

Saw

Tang

Tsoh

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Review

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“…The hazards of SHS exposure may be better understood by well-educated women, which may be related to the risk of negative health outcomes owing to SHS exposure. Women with high levels of education might have correct attitudes toward exposure to SHS in the home or workplace, which would lead to these women being more conscious about avoiding exposure to SHS 33 . Improving awareness about the risks of SHS would contribute to more effective health promotion among women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, knowledge and education level associated with secondhand smoke exposure among never-smoking women in Inner Mongolia, Northern China

Nan¹,

Lu²,

Wu³

et al. 2020

Tob. Induc. Dis.

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INTRODUCTION Currently, 40.7% of women in China are exposed daily to secondhand smoke (SHS); however, research on SHS exposure among women in Inner Mongolia is limited. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of SHS exposure, knowledge about the harms of smoking and SHS, and the association between sociodemographic factors and SHS exposure among never-smoking women in Inner Mongolia, Northern China. METHODS This study was based on a survey of chronic disease and nutrition conducted among Chinese adults in Inner Mongolia during 2015, a cross-sectional study with multi-stage stratified cluster sampling. A total 2293 never-smoking women aged ≥18 years were included in the study. Face-to-face interviews were used to collect data of sociodemographic characteristics, SHS exposure, and related knowledge. Questionnaires were administered by trained investigators, and the reliability and validity of the questionnaires were high. We performed descriptive analysis and logistic regression. All analyses were performed by IBM SPSS Statistics version 19.0. RESULTS Of the total, 69% of young women in Inner Mongolia in 2015 reported that they were exposed to SHS, the highest rate in comparison with older and middle-aged women. A total 49.90% of young women reported being exposed to SHS every day. Respondents had insufficient knowledge regarding smoking and SHS exposure. Compared with older never-smoking women, their young counterparts had a higher risk of SHS exposure, with an odds ratio of 2.143 (95% CI: 1.647-2.787). Education level and ethnicity were also significantly associated with SHS exposure. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that the highest rates of SHS exposure were among young never-smoking women in Inner Mongolia, and women with high education levels were less likely to be exposed to SHS. Improved public health information is needed that prioritizes SHS exposure among young women in Inner Mongolia. Health education regarding SHS exposure should be widely implemented throughout communities in this region.

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“… 22 23 24 A recent study in Korea also explored the effects of various regional factors on SHS exposure and found that prevalence varied according to different local factors. 8 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent Korean study also showed that living in an urban area was positively associated with SHS exposure. 8 Most of this prevalence is due to workplace exposure to SHS. People living in big cities are office workers and exposed more to SHS as compared to rural areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SHS exposure is an involuntary behavior and affected by a number of regional contextual factors, for example, smoking ban policies at sub-national level within a country can have different outcomes in each state. 8 Several previous studies proved the effect of legal smoking restrictions on health outcomes and SHS exposure. 9 10 In Korea, regional governments started implementing smoke-free policies since August 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Burden of Disease Due to Secondhand Smoke among Korean Adults at Sub-National Level

Zahra

Park

2018

J Korean Med Sci

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BackgroundExposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is one of the biggest health hazards. Quantifying the related burden of disease (BOD) is a powerful tool for making evidence-based policies. This study calculated the BOD due to SHS at sub-national level using the most recent statistics of Korea.MethodsSHS related diseases were selected by the systematic review of previous studies. Population attributable fraction (PAF) was calculated by using the standard formula using prevalence of exposure derived from Community Health Survey (CHS) 2013. SHS burden was calculated by multiplying nonsmoker's disability adjusted life years (DALYs) with PAF of SHS.ResultsSHS burden at sub-national level ranged between 460 DALYs in Cheonan to 5 DALYs in Pyeongtaek, Songtan region. Median of DALY was highest in districts of metropolitan cities and lowest in small towns and rural areas. Twelve out of fifteen regions with highest DALY per 1,000 were small towns and rural areas. Gender and age standardized DALY was highest in Seogwipo (west) in Jeju-do (1.66/1,000) and lowest in Dong-gu, Ulsan (0.17/1,000).ConclusionThere were substantial variations between regions according to BOD. Regional governments should implement policies according to specific situation in each region and regular monitoring should be done by calculating BOD. Big cities need to focus more on control of active and SHS prevalence. Resources in small towns and rural areas need to be allocated more towards implementation of screening programs, early diagnosis and treatment of diseases especially in the elderly population.

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Affecting Factors of Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Korea: Focused on Different Exposure Locations

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Non‐smoker assertive behaviour against smoke exposure: Chinese and Korean American non‐smokers

Non‐smoker assertive behaviour against smoke exposure: Chinese and Korean American non‐smokers

Prevalence, knowledge and education level associated with secondhand smoke exposure among never-smoking women in Inner Mongolia, Northern China

Burden of Disease Due to Secondhand Smoke among Korean Adults at Sub-National Level

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