Affect, Behavior, Cognition, and Development

Ward, Colleen; Szabó, Ágnes

doi:10.1093/oso/9780190679743.003.0020

Cited by 33 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In particular, we are sympathetic to differences between adaptation and adjustment, the former referring to behavior changes made to adapt to an environment and the latter referring to subjective experiences associated with adaptation (Matsumoto and Juang, 2016). This differential view of adaptation and adjustment is similar to previous discussions concerning differences between sociocultural and psychological adaptation (Searle and Ward, 1990;Ward and Kennedy, 1999;Ward and Szabo, 2019). Future research should replicate and extend the current findings with other measures of adaptation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Intercultural adaptation has been a major topic of research and theory in mainstream academia and has been studied from a variety of viewpoints such as acculturation (Berry and Sam, 1997;Berry(ed. ), 2017), sociocultural adaptation (Searle and Ward, 1990;Ward and Szabo, 2019), biculturalism (Nguyen and Benet-Martínez, 2013), and cultural distance (Furnham and Bochner, 1982;Geeraert and Demoulin, 2013;Demes and Geeraert, 2014). One segment of this literature has focused on identifying the active psychological ingredients underlying intercultural adaptation -skills, competencies, aptitudes, and attitudes -that would facilitate constructive adaptation.…”

Section: Intercultural Adaptation and A Search For Its Core And Psychmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconsidering the Active Psychological Ingredients Underlying Intercultural Adaptation: Implications for International Business

Matsumoto

Hwang²

2020

Front. Psychol.

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A major issue facing many businesses today, both large and small, concerns intercultural adaptation, and more broadly, diversity. Many businesses struggle with their employees sent to different countries and cultures to adapt effectively in host cultures, as well as for their home culture employees to adapt effectively to changing environments brought on by visitors from other cultures and other sources of diversity. To address this issue, many tests and measures have been developed to identify the core psychological skills, competencies, and aptitudes underlying intercultural adaptation. Elucidation of such skills and competencies would have multiple theoretical and practical ramifications. A recent review of this literature indicated that three tests-the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire, the Cultural Intelligence Scale, and the Intercultural Adjustment Potential Scale-had the best psychometric evidence for validity to date. No study, however, has examined the statistical overlap among these tests; which scales or combination of scales best predict adaptation; and most importantly, what are possible, yet unassessed, constructs underlying them. The purpose of this study was to examine these three questions initially. Non-immigrant, non-sojourner convenience samples from four countries/language groups completed all three tests and a measure of life satisfaction as a proxy for adaptation. Scales from the three tests were moderatelyhighly intercorrelated and predicted adaptation. A combination of scales from the tests best predicted adaptation, better than scales from any one test. Analyses examining the latent structures underlying the combined tests suggested several psychological constructs new to the intercultural adaptation literature. We discuss the implications of these findings for theory and application in international business.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Intercultural Adaptation and A Search For Its Core And Psychmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconsidering the Active Psychological Ingredients Underlying Intercultural Adaptation: Implications for International Business

Matsumoto

Hwang²

2020

Front. Psychol.

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“…Future studies with larger samples can help to better understand these comparisons. The predicted correlation between having strong affective ties with the own family and cultural maintenance follows previous results [ 6 , 40 ]. Despite it being intuitive that through the family a bridge of contact with the culture of origin can be maintained, enhancing cultural maintenance, this connection was not verified in the foreigner sample.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Furthermore, several acculturation orientations have been theorized [ 5 ], two being particularly relevant to the present context: assimilation, when the culture being acquired substitutes the former one; and integration, when both cultural identities coexist. The latter has been documented to be the most efficient one in terms of coping with the psychological challenges posed by the acculturation experience, designated as acculturative stress [ 6 ]. The methods employed by cultural psychology and sociology usually consist of interviews and self-reported measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining acculturation in mixed-couples to test cultural transmission mechanisms

Machado¹,

Giner‐Sorolla²

2022

PLoS ONE

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The project sought to understand the factors which underlie cultural transmission, adapting self-reported methods from cross-cultural psychology and sociology to test the external validity of several constructs from existing evolutionary models. The target population were native-foreigner mixed-couples, allowing the analyses to benefit from asymmetrical cultural inputs. Sampling took place in Italy and Portugal, with recruitment relying on social networks, online newspapers, friends, organizations, universities, parishes, and embassies. The questionnaire was personally delivered or filled online. The validated variables were: contact with a population in which the majority endorses the culture being acquired, the relative quantity of friends from that culture, the perceived relationship quality with the companion, affective ties with one’s own family, and the desire and emotional components behind the culture-transmission motive (a concept similar to cultural conservatism). An unexpected strong, positive association between both cultural identities was found. Thus, it was suggested that these participants adopted an integrative orientation, allowing both cultural identities to blend, whereas most research so far focuses on assimilation scenarios. Overall, acculturation was driven by either conformity to the majority or random learning, without discarding the influence of preferred demonstrators, and the emotional bounds embedded in the individual’s cultural identity. Acculturation proved to be flexible and potentially changing according to the cultural trait being examined.

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“…Along with economic security, achieving and maintaining social and psychological well-being are among the most important of these outcomes (Berry & Sam, 2016; Boski, 2013); however, many of the circumstances associated with migration put immigrants at risk (Ward & Szabó, 2019). Learning a new language and acquiring the necessary skills to obtain employment in the destination country can be challenging and a significant source of distress, especially for recent and older immigrants (Raffaelli & Wiley, 2013; Torres & Rollock, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

How normative multiculturalism relates to immigrant well-being.

Ward

Kim

Karl

et al. 2020

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology

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Objectives: In this study we examine the relationship between contextual factors, that is, perceived multicultural norms, and immigrant well-being. Specifically, we test a model whereby each of the three dimensions of normative multiculturalism, perceived Multicultural Ideology, Multicultural Policies and Practices, and Multicultural Contact, positively predicts immigrant well-being both directly and indirectly via belongingness. Method: Korean immigrants in New Zealand (N ϭ 306, 56% female) participated in the research. Their average age was 31.17 (SD ϭ 10.46), and the average length of residence was 10.04 years (SD ϭ 7.21). Participants completed a survey that included the Normative Multiculturalism Scale along with measures of belonging and well-being (flourishing, life satisfaction, and positive affect). Results: Structural equation modeling showed that perceived normative Multicultural Policies and Practices exerted a direct positive effect on well-being and an indirect positive effect via belongingness; Multicultural Ideology exerted only an indirect effect; and Multicultural Contact did not significantly relate to belongingness or subjective well-being. Implications: The results are discussed in terms of everyday experiences of intercultural encounters, social norms and the contextual influences of diversity climates, as well as the importance of distinguishing the defining features of multiculturalism in diversity science research. We also propose that multicultural norm setting and norms marketing may lead to positive social and psychological outcomes for immigrants. Public Significance StatementFindings indicate that the extent to which immigrants perceive widespread appreciation of cultural diversity and policies and practices to ensure cultural maintenance and equitable participation, is conducive to immigrants' sense of belongingness and psychological well-being.

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Affect, Behavior, Cognition, and Development

Cited by 33 publications

References 17 publications

Reconsidering the Active Psychological Ingredients Underlying Intercultural Adaptation: Implications for International Business

Reconsidering the Active Psychological Ingredients Underlying Intercultural Adaptation: Implications for International Business

Examining acculturation in mixed-couples to test cultural transmission mechanisms

How normative multiculturalism relates to immigrant well-being.

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