Affect and subjective cognitive functioning by depression symptom levels during naturalistic cigarette smoking in premenopausal females who smoke daily.

Abstract

Objective: High negative affect, low positive affect, and low cognitive functioning are depression-related states that may be particularly relevant to females who smoke cigarettes and may be more prominent following overnight tobacco abstinence. This study aimed to assess relations between depression symptom levels and negative affect, positive affect, and subjective cognitive functioning in premenopausal females who smoke. Methods: Premenopausal females who smoke daily with low (n = 66) or elevated (n = 33) baseline depression symptoms completed subjective ratings of negative affect, positive affect, and cognitive functioning pre-first cigarette (i.e., after overnight tobacco abstinence) and at random prompts throughout the day via ecological momentary assessment (EMA) for 35 days. Results: Participants with elevated depression symptoms reported overall higher negative affect ( p = .01). Positive affect was significantly lower prior to the first cigarette of the day ( p < .001), but did not significantly differ between depression symptom groups. Subjective cognitive functioning was significantly lower pre-first cigarette of the day ( p < .001). There was a significant Depression Symptom × Prompt Type interaction for subjective cognitive functioning ( p = .01). Subjective cognitive functioning did not significantly differ by depression symptom group pre-first cigarette of the day but was significantly different at random prompts throughout the day. Conclusions: As participants smoked as usual, findings identify naturalistic factors which may influence smoking behavior among premenopausal females who smoke with elevated depression symptoms. Public Health Significance StatementBy showing that depression symptoms relate to affect and subjective cognitive functioning during naturalistic smoking among females who smoke daily, this study highlights potential factors that may help guide smoking cessation induction strategies for females with elevated depression symptoms.

Association of induced abortion with bipolar disorder and major depression from the UK Biobank: A Propensity Score Matching and Weighting Analysis

“…The demographic characteristics of the participants are described in Table 1. The median age of the participants was 55(48,62), and before adjustment, the Non-IA group was 57 (49,63) and the IA group was 54 (47,61), with a statistically different age between the two groups.…”

“…Many previous studies have shown that women's choice of induced abortion is related to age, BMI, annual household income, smoking status, drinking frequency, and other factors [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] . Our study was found in the BMI < 25, kg/m2 subgroup, The difference in correlation between induced abortion and BDMD was not signi cant.…”

Associations of DHEA(S) with negative and positive affect in people who smoke daily with elevated and low depression symptoms: A pilot laboratory study

“…Items are summed to determine a total score ranging from 0 to 60. As in our prior work (Pang, Tucker, D'Orazio, Weinberger, & Guillot, 2022;Tucker, et al, 2022), a binary CESD score was created for elevated depression symptoms (≥20) and low depression symptoms (<20). A meta-analysis in general populations and primary care settings found a cutoff of 20 showed better sensitivity to specificity trade-off than the generally recommended cutoff of 16 (Vilagut, Forero, Barbaglia, & Alonso, 2016).…”