Aetiology of new onset seizures in cases admitted to an intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital: a two year study

Abstract

Background: Seizures are a common neurological disorder encountered globally in regular medical practice. Hospital onset seizures may occur in patients who never had a history of seizure before hospitalization and may be due to causes that lead to hospitalization or acquired during hospitalization like stroke, neuro infection etc. The objectives of this study were the purpose of the present study was to study the incidence and to describe demographic and clinical characteristics of patients developing new onset seizures in an intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A prospective study for two years was conducted on cases of seizures admitted in an intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital. The etiology of all the cases was recorded based on the clinical history and necessary investigations like EEG and imaging studies of the brain in cases if required.Results: About 238 cases with males 177 and females 61 cases were enrolled, and 31-50 years was most common age group. Diabetes was the most common co morbidity associated and generalized seizures were most common. CVA was most common etiology (26.89%) and idiopathic next common. Infarct was most common cause of CVA and meningitis in infections. Generalized tonic clonic seizures was most common in cases with CVA as the aetiology followed by infective cases.Conclusions: It is mandatory to deal cautiously and carefully the cases of seizures developing in an ICU in addition to proper history and examination, each patient must undergo detailed EEG, imaging investigations and other ancillary investigations if necessary.

Etiology of adult onset seizures: Role of magnetic resonance imaging

“…Chalasani and Kumar observed similar findings, with 46.9% being between the ages of 21 and 40. 7 The majority of patients in the study by Muralidhar and Venugopal reported 64%, 8 Hirani and Shrivastva reported (54%), 9 and Pannem and Chintha reported 31-50 years (55%), 10 were likewise above the age of 40.…”

“…GCTSs were the most common form of seizure, occurring in 84% of patients. Adults had a greater prevalence of generalized tonic-clonic seizures, according to Pannem and Chinta reported 96% 10…”

Seizure in geriatric population – An unheeded integer

“…Similar other studied have also pointed out the stroke as the most common aetiology for the seizures in elderly. [ 18 19 ] Another study reported the most common cause to be CVA-infarct (34.5%), followed by hypoglycaemia (10.3%) and hyponatremia (10.3%). [ 16 ] In general, epilepsy can happen at the same time as a stroke, just after one, or it might be a first sign of a cerebrovascular disease and the chance of having epilepsy rises 20 times in the first year following a stroke.…”

“…Pyogenic meningitis, brain abscesses, and cerebral malaria were less frequent CNS illnesses. [ 19 ] A Mexican study reported CNS neurocysticercosis infection to be the most common cause for seizure in elderly. [ 27 ]…”

Pemantauan Kadar Obat Indeks Terapi Sempit Melalui Estimasi Kadar Obat di Dalam Darah pada Pasien Rawat Inap di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo, Purwokerto

“…Hasil penelitian ini sesuai dengan penelitian Pannem dan Chintia (2019) bahwa insidensi kejang tertinggi terjadi pada pasien berusia <60 tahun. 13 Etiologi kejang pada pasien berusia >40 tahun disebabkan kejang simtomatik akut. Penyakit serebrovaskular, cedera otak, tumor, neoplasma, dan infeksi sistem saraf pusat merupakan penyebab utama terjadinya kejang simtomatik akut dan memiliki risiko meningkatkan epilepsi.…”