Aetiology of acute encephalitis syndrome in Uttar Pradesh, India from 2014 to 2016

Jain, Parul; Prakash, Shantanu; Khan, Danish Nasar; Garg, Ravindra Kumar; Kumar, Rashmi; Bhagat, Amit; Ramakrishna, Vangala

doi:10.4103/0972-9062.225835

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…An infectious etiology could be determined in about one-third of the AES cases, which was a mixed pot showing the simultaneous presence of several pathogens. This observation is similar to that obtained from AES cases from Uttar Pradesh [ 10 ]. Since few samples were referred from each district, we could not draw any conclusion from the geographical distribution of the cases.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Emergence of Orientia tsutsugamushi as an important cause of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in India

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundAcute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) is a major seasonal public health problem in Bihar, India. Despite efforts of the Bihar health department and the Government of India, burden and mortality of AES cases have not decreased, and definitive etiologies for the illness have yet to be identified.ObjectivesThe present study was undertaken to study the specific etiology of AES in Bihar.MethodsCerebrospinal fluid and/or serum samples from AES patients were collected and tested for various pathogens, including viruses and bacteria by ELISA and/or Real Time PCR.FindingsOf 540 enrolled patients, 33.3% (180) tested positive for at least one pathogen of which 23.3% were co-positive for more than one pathogen. Most samples were positive for scrub typhus IgM or PCR (25%), followed by IgM positivity for JEV (8.1%), WNV (6.8%), DV (6.1%), and ChikV (4.5%).M. tuberculosis and S. pneumoniae each was detected in ~ 1% cases. H. influenzae, adenovirus, Herpes Simplex Virus -1, enterovirus, and measles virus, each was detected occasionally. The presence of Scrub typhus was confirmed by PCR and sequencing. Bihar strains resembled Gilliam-like strains from Thailand, Combodia and Vietnam.ConclusionThe highlights of this pilot AES study were detection of an infectious etiology in one third of the AES cases, multiple etiologies, and emergence of O. tsutsugamushi infection as an important causative agent of AES in India.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Emergence of Orientia tsutsugamushi as an important cause of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in India

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This finding followed previous studies describing both epidemic and sporadic AES cases in different parts of the world. 20,21 In our study, about 19% of the cases remained undiagnosed, which was also similar to a previous study conducted in north east. 22 Seasonality of the cases was observed during monsoon season, with the highest incidence of cases reported during May to August, and the results were found to be statistically significant (P<0.05).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

A clinico-epidemiological study of acute encephalitis syndrome in a tertiary care hospital of Assam, India

Phukan¹,

Brahma²,

Sarma³

et al. 2021

International Journal of Health Research and Medico-Legal Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…This was similar to the study done by Tiwari JK, et al, from Rajasthan who studied 3088 patients of all age group and viral etiology was confirmed in 22.7% cases [7]. Other studies also documented almost similar percentage of viral causes which includes 17.2 % in study by Rathore SK, et [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Viral Etiology in Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in North Indian Children

Aggarwal¹

2022

JCIM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Objective: Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) leads to significant mortality and morbidity in children. This study was undertaken to identify the viral causes of AES and its correlation with clinicodemographic profile. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 100 children aged 1 to 12 years presenting with fever of <14 days duration and a change in mental status (including symptoms such as confusion, disorientation, coma, or inability to talk) and/or new onset of seizures (excluding simple febrile seizures) [1]. Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) was collected aseptically by lumbar puncture for biochemical and cytological analysis, and for bacteriological culture. Multiplex PCR for the viruses HSV1, HSV2, Varicella zoster virus, Enterovirus, Mumps and Parecho virus was carried out. Serology for Japanese Encephalitis (JE) was done in blood and CSF by ELISA method. Dengue NS1 antigen and IgM ELISA was carried out in both blood and CSF samples. Serum IgM antibody for scrub typhus was done by ELISA method. Results: Out of 100 children viral cause was detected in 21 patients (Japanese encephalitis -16, Dengue – 4, Varicella zoster virus, Enterovirus and Mumps virus – 1 each). Serum IgM ELISA for scrub typhus was positive in 6 patients. Multiple viral etiology was seen in 2 patients. Mortality was significantly more in females (p=0.021), GCS <8 (p <0.001). Mortality was significantly more with higher CSF neutrophils and higher proteins (p<0.05). Interpretation and Conclusion: This study concludes that viral causes specially JE contributed in AES in North India. Hence viral pathogens including JE needs to be considered as one of major causative agents while treating patients of AES and further emphasis has to be given for JE vaccination in this region.

show abstract

Aetiology of acute encephalitis syndrome in Uttar Pradesh, India from 2014 to 2016

Abstract: Scrub typhus, JEV and DENV are the main aetiological agents of AES in UP. DENV and JEV can no longer be considered paediatric diseases. The prevalence of non-JEV/DENV aetiology of AES increases in the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons.

Cited by 23 publications

References 1 publication

Emergence of Orientia tsutsugamushi as an important cause of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in India

Emergence of Orientia tsutsugamushi as an important cause of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in India

A clinico-epidemiological study of acute encephalitis syndrome in a tertiary care hospital of Assam, India

Viral Etiology in Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in North Indian Children

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About