Aetiological studies on hospital in-patients with acute diarrhoea in Calcutta

Sen, D.; Saha, M.; Niyogi, Salil K.; Nair, G. Balakrish; De, S. P.; Datta, P. K.; Datta, D; Sc, Pal; Bose, R; Roy‐Chowdhury, Jayanta

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(83)90073-1

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…LT-producing strains were the commonest ETEC encountered, followed by those producing LT and ST. This observation corroborates earlier findings in Calcutta (Ganguly et al, 1980;Sen et al, 1983) but differs from those obtained in Bangladesh, where ETEC producing both LT and ST were isolated more commonly than those producing only LT or only ST (Sack et al, 1977;Merson et al, 1979;Merson et al, 1980). All the ETEC isolates detected in this study were serotypable and were distributed among eight 0 : K : H groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Studies on Escherichia coli as a cause of acute diarrhoea in calcutta

Sen

Ganguly

Saha

et al. 1984

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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SUMMARY. The prevalence of different types of diarrhoea-producingEscherichia coli among 240 patients with acute diarrhoea in hospital was investigated. The 25 patients (1 0.4% of the total) from whose faeces we isolated enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) were all < 5 years old but the 29 (12.1%) from whom we isolated enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) were of various ages, most of them > 12 years old. No enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) strains were isolated. ETEC strains that produced heat-labile toxin (LT) were encountered more often than those that produced either heat-stable toxin (ST) alone or both LT and ST. The ETEC isolates were distributed among eight different serotypes, the commonest being 0 148 : H28 (38%). Correlations between enterotoxin production, serotype pattern and possession of colonisation factor antigens I and I1 were observed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Studies on Escherichia coli as a cause of acute diarrhoea in calcutta

Sen

Ganguly

Saha

et al. 1984

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Bacterial intestinal pathogens and rotaviruses can be isolated from or demonstrated in most children and adults with acute diarrhoea coming to hospital in tropical developing countries (Maiya et al, 1977;Pickering et al, 1978;Hieber et al, 1978;Black et al, 1980;Mata et al, 1983;Sen et al, 1983). The human habitat in such countries is insanitary; water supplies are unprotected, waste disposal is inadequate, and there is close association between man and domestic animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Bacterial Intestinal Pathogens in a Healthy Rural Population in Southern India

Mathan

Rajan

1986

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Summary. In a one-year prospective survey bacterial intestinal pathogens unassociated with diarrhoeal episodes were isolated from 20.5% of stool samples from 48.5% of a stratified random sample of the population of a village in southern India. Campylobacter jejuni was the pathogen most frequently isolated, followed by enteropathogenic serotypes of Escherichia coli. The incidence of diarrhoea in the study population was lower than the frequency of isolation of bacterial intestinal pathogens. It is necessary to understand the prevalence of intestinal pathogens in this ecosystem to know the dynamics of intestinal infection and the pathogenesis of diarrhoea.

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“…Acute watery diarrhea caused by Vibrio cholerae is an important cause of hospitalization in Calcutta (6). Several drugs, namely tetracycline (2,8), furazolidone (5), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) (3), have been found to be effective in reducing stool volume, duration of diarrhea, and vibrio excretion in patients with cholera.…”

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Double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial of norfloxacin for cholera

Dutta

et al. 1990

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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In a double-blind, randomized clinical trial with 78 adults with acute watery diarrhea and severe dehydration, 37 subjects were positive for Vibrio cholerae. In conjunction with rehydration therapy, 13 patients received norfloxacin, 12 received trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), and 12 received a placebo. Norfloxacin was superior to TMP-SMX and to the placebo in reducing stool output, duration of diarrhea, fluid requirements, and vibrio excretion. TMP-SMX was no better than the placebo.Acute watery diarrhea caused by Vibrio cholerae is an important cause of hospitalization in Calcutta (6). Several drugs, namely tetracycline (2, 8), furazolidone (5), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) (3), have been found to be effective in reducing stool volume, duration of diarrhea, and vibrio excretion in patients with cholera. Recently, a wide range of bacterial enteropathogens including V. cholerae have been found to be highly susceptible to norfloxacin (4, 7), a 4-quinolone which is similar to nalidixic acid. In this report, we present the findings of a comparative evaluation of the use of norfloxacin, TMP-SMX, or placebo in the treatment of cholera accompanied by severe dehydration.Subjects included in the study were adult male (for ease of collection of stool and urine separately) patients, of more than 18 years of age, who had been admitted to the diarrhea ward of the Infectious Diseases Hospital, Calcutta, with acute watery diarrhea and severe dehydration (11) of less than 24-h duration. Those patients who had received any drug or intravenous fluid before admission or who had any systemic illness were excluded from the study. After enrollment, all patients were placed on cholera cots and were rehydrated with intravenous Ringer lactate and oral rehydration solution as recommended by the World Health Organization (11). A thorough history was taken, a physical examination was performed, and findings were recorded on a prepared form. The amounts of intravenous and oral fluid administered, volume of stool output, and duration of diarrhea were recorded. On admission, a fresh stool sample was collected by using a sterile rectal catheter and was immediately sent to the laboratory for screening of bacterial enteropathogens according to standard techniques (10). Thereafter, rectal swabs collected from all patients for 5 consecutive days were examined for isolation of V. cholerae. All of the V. cholerae isolates were tested for their susceptibility to drugs such as tetracycline, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, TMP-SMX, nalidixic acid, and norfloxacin by the KirbyBauer disk diffusion technique (1). Informed consent was obtained from all patients.Patients included in the study were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups by using a random number table: group A (n = 26) received norfloxacin (400 mg) twice daily, group B (n = 25) received TMP (160 mg)-SMX (800 * Corresponding author. mg) twice daily, and group C (n = 27) received the placebo twice daily. The two drugs and the placebo were in the form of tablets ...

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Aetiological studies on hospital in-patients with acute diarrhoea in Calcutta

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Studies on Escherichia coli as a cause of acute diarrhoea in calcutta

Studies on Escherichia coli as a cause of acute diarrhoea in calcutta

The Prevalence of Bacterial Intestinal Pathogens in a Healthy Rural Population in Southern India

Double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial of norfloxacin for cholera

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