Aetiological role of bacteria associated with reactive arthritis in pauciarticular juvenile chronic arthritis.

Abstract

Background The cause of juvenile chronic arthritis JCA) is unknown. Pauciarticular JCA is the most common subtype and can be subdivided into early (type I) and late onset

Evidence of Cellular Immune Response to Outer Membrane Protein ofSalmonella typhimuriumin Patients with Enthesitis-related Arthritis Subtype of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

“…Our data of 50% of patients showing lymphoproliferative response to enteric bacterial lysates support this view. They are similar to previous data from India and Europe 14,15 . Further, S. typhimurium was the most commonly identified organism responsible for proliferative responses.…”

“…A study by Sieper, et al had similar observations 15 . However, it is not known whether the response is directed against the OMP or not.…”

“…The results are expressed as stimulation index (SI) = cpm in the antigen well/cpm in the control well. Antigen-specific proliferation was considered significant when either SI value was > 2.5 to a single antigen or in cases of response to more than one antigen the highest SI was 2.5 times more than the next highest value, as taken by Sieper, et al in patients with juvenile chronic arthritis 15 .…”

Status of research on MMPs in India

“…In addition to genetic and environmental factors, microbes play an important role in the pathogenesis of the arthritis, and the involvement of bacteria and virus (micobes' antigens and DNA) have been reported [79][80][81][82]. Toll like receptors (TLR) are microbial products known to be used for the activation of innate immune response.…”

Pathogenesis of spondylarthropathies

“…If the immune response is driven by a persistent bacterial antigen and if this antigen is presented by B27, then this would need to be a common antigen shared by all the pathogens that are implicated in the pathogenesis. In most cases of ReA, the triggering bacterium can be identified by means of an antigen-specific proliferative response of synovial fluid T cells (5)(6)(7)(34)(35)(36)(37). Each bacterium has several intracellular antigens recognized by CD4+ T cells.…”