Ætiological Implications of Sex Ratio in Glomerulonephritis

Finn, Ronald D.; Harmer, D.E.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(79)91874-9

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The reason for this sex bias is still unknown. It is, however, also present in other renal diseases, such as glomerulonephritis [13]. A new observation here is that a young age at diagnosis is associated with an increased incidence of persistent proteinuria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

The effect of proteinuria on relative mortality in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus

Borch‐Johnsen¹,

Andersen

Deckert³

1985

Diabetologia

569

237

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We followed 1,134 patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes, diagnosed between 1933 and 1952, until 1982 or death or until their emigration. Their age at onset of diabetes was under 31 years. Information concerning the development of persistent proteinuria was sought in every case. In 104 cases, the data were either questionable or the patient could not be traced. Twenty-nine patients developed non-diabetic proteinuria. Among the remaining 1,001 patients, 406 developed persistent proteinuria (350 died) and 595 did not (166 died). The incidence of persistent proteinuria was highest among men; it decreased with increasing year of diabetes onset from 1933 to 1952, and decreased with increasing age at onset. The relative mortality was extremely high among patients with persistent proteinuria, increasing to a maximum of about 100 at age 35 years. Patients not developing proteinuria had a relatively constant low relative mortality of about 2. The decreasing incidence of persistent proteinuria and the decreasing mortality with increasing calendar year of diabetes onset resulted in a 50% increase in life-expectancy among patients diagnosed in 1950 compared with patients diagnosed in 1935. In patients who developed persistent proteinuria, relative mortality was higher in women than men at all ages. In patients who did not develop proteinuria, relative mortality was similar in men and women after the age of 35. Uraemia was the main cause of death in patients with persistent proteinuria, although cardiovascular deaths were more frequent than in patients without proteinuria. Thus, proteinuria is associated not only with death from uraemia but also from cardiovascular disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

The effect of proteinuria on relative mortality in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus

Borch‐Johnsen¹,

Andersen

Deckert³

1985

Diabetologia

569

237

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“…Male preponderance is also seen in patients with other kidney diseases, such as Goodpasture's syndrome and glomerulonephritis [15]. Why it occurs in patients with diabetic nephropathy is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic nephropathy in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes: An epidemiological study

et al. 1983

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A follow-up of 1475 Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients diagnosed before 1953 (815 males, 660 females) and before the age of 31 years was conducted. All patients were seen at the Steno Memorial Hospital and were referred from all parts of Denmark; 91 (6%) could not be traced. The rest (94%) were followed until death or for at least 25 years; 249 (17%) were followed for greater than 40 years. Clinical diabetic nephropathy developed in 531 (41%) of the 1303 patients in whom sufficient information was available regarding proteinuria. Other causes of proteinuria were found in 3%, and 57% did not develop persistent proteinuria. The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy was 21% after 20-25 years of diabetes duration followed by a decline to 10% after 40 years. Two incidence peaks of the onset of proteinuria were seen, one after 16 and another after 32 years duration of diabetes and was low after 35 years duration. The cumulative incidence was 45% after 40 years of diabetes. A male preponderance was seen among patients with nephropathy. A significant difference in the pattern of annual incidence rates of diabetic nephropathy was seen, when groups with onset of diabetes before 1933, between 1933-1942, and 1943-1952, respectively, were compared. An association between daily insulin requirement and nephropathy incidence was found. Patients with nephropathy had a much poorer survival than those without proteinuria; 40 years after onset of diabetes, only 10% of patients who developed nephropathy were alive, whereas greater than 70% of patients who did not develop nephropathy survived.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Genetics of Steroid Receptors and Their Disorders

Pinsky

Kaufman

1987

Advances in Human Genetics

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Ætiological Implications of Sex Ratio in Glomerulonephritis

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

The effect of proteinuria on relative mortality in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus

The effect of proteinuria on relative mortality in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus

Diabetic nephropathy in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes: An epidemiological study

Genetics of Steroid Receptors and Their Disorders

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