Aetiological aspects of diarrhoea in infants and children under 5 years

Khanduja, P. C.; Bhargava, Santosh K.; Gour, H. K.; Malik, D. N.

doi:10.1007/bf02749332

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Behera et al reported were 24.6%, 18.64%, 5.5% and 11.3% respectively. [7,8,9,10] There was significant association between mothers education, socioeconomic status and type of family, ages of children and diarrheal episodes in past 2 weeks.…”

Section: Discussion:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Acute Diarrheal Diseases and Associated Risk Factors Among Under Five Children in an Urban Slum of Mumbai

Bele¹,

Suryawanshi²,

Palve³

2021

IJAR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Diarrhoea is one of the single most common causes of death among children under age five worldwide. Diarrheal disorders in childhood account for a large proportion (18%) of childhood deaths, with an estimated 1.5 million deaths per year globally, making it the second most common cause of child deaths worldwide1.So the study was undertaken in order to study the prevalence and associated risk factors causing diarrhoea in urban slum of Metropolitan city. Methods- A cross sectional study was done from January 2012 to December 2012 in Cheetah Camp area. Toal 478 under five children were selected and the parent/guardian of the child was interviewed using pre-designed, semi-structured and pre-tested questionnaires. Results and Conclusion-The prevalence of diarrhoea in children under 5 years during past 2 weeks was 17.8%. Diarrheal episodes in the past 2 weeks was significantly associated with education of mother, socioeconomic status of family, type of family, source of water supply, housefly nuisance in home, child hand-washing before meals, mother hand-washing before meals and immunization status.

show abstract

Section: Discussion:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Acute Diarrheal Diseases and Associated Risk Factors Among Under Five Children in an Urban Slum of Mumbai

Bele¹,

Suryawanshi²,

Palve³

2021

IJAR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…According to Molbak K et al [11] and Woldemicael G [12] , the rates of diarrhea were highest for children 6-11 months of age, remained at a high level among the 1-5 year old children and decreased when children got older. The high incidence of diarrheal disease in Khanduja et al [13] and Sood S [14] suggested that the high incidence of diarrheal disease in the first 2 years of life is probably related to faulty weaning, unhygienic handling and storage of milk and food, higher incidence of parental infection, malnutrition, development of mouthing habits at this age. A decrease in number of cases among older children might be resulted from a fact that the immune system in older children got stronger in resisting against agents.…”

Section: Table No 4 Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicoetiological Study of Acute Diarrhea in Children under 5 Years Age Group

Janardhanan¹

2019

jmscr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: The trends of bacterial enteropathogens causing gastroenteritis keep on changing with change in standard of living and environmental hygiene. The definition of diarrhea depends on what is normal for the individual. According to K. Armon, diarrhoea is defined as a change in bowel habit for the individual child resulting in substantially more frequent and/or looser stools In developing countries. [1] 50% -60% cases are of bacterial (Enteropathogenic Esherichia coli 25%, Campylobacter jejuni 10% -18%, Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. 5% each), 35% of viral (15% -25% rotavirus) origin, and in many the cause is unidentified or mixed. [2][3][4][5] Aims and Objectives: To find out clinical features and study etiological factors of acute diarrhoea of under 5 years age group. Methodology: A prospective study was done in a tertiary care hospital during the period of January 2017 to June 2018-12-05.All paediatric cases in the age group of below 5 years were included. A total number of 149 patients were included in the study. Inclusion Criteria: All children presenting with acute diarrhoea in the age group of below 5 years of age admitted in paediatric ward. Exclusion Criteria: Neonates are excluded  Children who are critically ill.  Persistent diarrhoea more than 14 days  Malabsorbtion syndrome.  Diarrhoea due to metal poisoning (Cadmium, Arsenic, copper, mercury,etc.). After selection, a complete history was obtained from parents, a through general examination and systemic examination was done and findings were recorded in a specially designed proforma. Data analysis was done with use of SPSS and EXCEL Graphs and tables were prepared by MS-EXCEL. A p value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: In this study 6mo-1 year age group children were highly affected (47 %) with no sex predilection. Among the common organisms isolated 55% were Ecoli, 4.7% were K.pneumonia, 2%were enterococcus species, 1.4% were shigella flexneri species. As per the previous records Rotavirus caused majority of the JMSCR Vol||07||Issue||07||Page 555-563||July 2019 childhood diarrhoea. Due to lack of facilities in the institution isolation of 74 rotavirus and recognised classes of Escherichia coli (EPEC, ETEC, EHEC, EAEC and EIEC) could not be done. It was observed that out of all 50% of S. flexneri suffered from severe dehydration, 28.6% of all k. pneumonia were severily dehydrated followed by 23.2% of all ecoli. [p value <0.0001(very highly significant)]. In Class V SES 44.4% suffered from severe dehydration, class IV 21.4% suffered from severe dehydration. In grade IV malnutrition 57.1% suffered from some dehydration and 42.9% suffered from severe dehydration. Fever is the predominant symptom making 53.7% of all diarrheal patients. Association of fever presented in 100% of cases of of shigella flexneri, 66.7% of enterococcus species presented with fever, 65.9% of ecoli followed by 57.1% of K. pneumoniae followed by commensals. [p value <0.002(highly significant)]. Hyponatremia was common finding in all children. Mean sodiu...

show abstract

“…The prevalence of diarrheal disorders in children as seen in the above studies varies roughly from 5.5% to 24.6%.Most diarrheal episodes occur during the first 2 years of life, and the incidence of acute diarrhoea below 2 years was 87%. The high incidence of diarrheal disease in the first 2 years of life is probably related to faulty weaning, unhygienic handling and storage of milk and food, higher incidence of parental infection, malnutrition, development of mouthing habits at this age as suggested by Khanduja et al 11 and Sood S 14 . To these factors can be added immaturity of the immune system of the body rendering it susceptible to an attack by the enteric pathogens, especially in association with malnutrition.…”

Section: General Prevalencementioning

confidence: 95%

Clinical and Bacteriological Study of Acute Diarrhoea in Children

R¹,

Kumari²,

Sadana³

2013

jemds

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To know the hospital prevalence and clinical features of acute diarrhoea and describe the common bacterial pathogens isolated in these cases of diarrhoea in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross sectional study was carried out in children with acute diarrhea between 1month to 12 years of age at Shree Siddhartha Medical College Hospital, Tumkur from November 2007 to August 2009.After detailed history and examination, stool samples were collected and subjected to microscopic examination and culture and sensitivity. The data thus collected was analysed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Acute diarrhea accounted for 10.12 % (95% CI 8.98, 11.26) percent of total admissions to pediatric ward. The prevalence of diarrhea peaks in children aged 7-24 months (the usual weaning period) and then decreases with increasing age. The analysis of clinical presentation revealed that vomiting and fever were frequent accompaniments of diarrhoea. Artificially fed children were affected more often than exclusively breast-fed ones. Varying grades of PEM was present in majority of the study cases. Most of the cases had some dehydration. In majority of study cases enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated; among which E. coli was the commonest. Most of the isolates were sensitive to Gentamicin and Amikacin. Bacteriological study and sensitivity pattern helps us to identify the most prevalent organism in the locality and to select the most appropriate drug and thus reducing the cost of treatment. Appropriate fluid and antibiotic management resulted in prompt recovery. KEY WORDS-Acute diarrhoea, Stool culture, Dehydration. INTRODUCTION: Diarrhoea ranks among top three killers of pediatric subjects in developing world. Globally around one billion episodes of illness and 3-5million deaths occur as a result of diarrheal disease each year 1 .Eight out of ten of these deaths occur in first two years of life 2. In developing countries, on an average every child suffers3.3 episodes of diarrhoea per year, but in some areas the average exceeds nine episodes per year 3. In India, children under 5 years of age

show abstract

Aetiological aspects of diarrhoea in infants and children under 5 years

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

Prevalence of Acute Diarrheal Diseases and Associated Risk Factors Among Under Five Children in an Urban Slum of Mumbai

Prevalence of Acute Diarrheal Diseases and Associated Risk Factors Among Under Five Children in an Urban Slum of Mumbai

Clinicoetiological Study of Acute Diarrhea in Children under 5 Years Age Group

Clinical and Bacteriological Study of Acute Diarrhoea in Children

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About