Aesthetic Considerations in Forehead Reconstruction in Skin Carcinoma

Abullarade, De; Jezabel,

doi:10.4236/jct.2013.46a1003

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The forehead is a facial region with distinct boundaries defined by the hairline superiorly, eyebrows and frontonasal groove inferiorly, and temporal ridges laterally. Therefore, reconstructing the region successfully without distorting the key landmarks is challenging [ 8 ]. Additionally, serious consideration should be given to midline forehead reconstruction to prevent eyebrow distortion (elevation of the medial eyebrows and medial displacement of the eyebrows) and to preserve motor and sensory nerve functions [ 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forehead reconstruction using modified double-opposing rotation-advancement flaps for severe skin necrosis after filler injection

Kim

Hwang

2018

Arch Craniofac Surg

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Varying degrees of complications can occur after hyaluronic acid filler injections. Tissue necrosis due to interruption of the vascular supply is an early complication that can be severe. If the site of tissue necrosis due to the filler injection is the forehead, successfully reconstructing the region without distorting the key landmarks is challenging. We describe the case of a 50-year-old man who experienced widespread forehead skin necrosis after hyaluronic acid filler injection in the glabellar area. We successfully covered the forehead area with a 3×4-cm2 midline necrotic tissue using the modified double-opposing rotation-advancement flap method. Although modified double-opposing rotation-advancement flap closure has the disadvantage of leaving a longer scar compared to conventional double-opposing rotation-advancement flap closure, the additional incision line made along the superior border of the eyebrow aids in camouflaging the scar and decreases eyebrow distortion. Therefore, it is believed that the modified double-opposing rotation-advancement flap technique is an excellent tool for providing adequate soft tissue coverage and minimal free margin distortion when reconstructing widespread skin necrosis in the central mid-lower forehead that can occur after filler injection in the glabellar area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forehead reconstruction using modified double-opposing rotation-advancement flaps for severe skin necrosis after filler injection

Kim

Hwang

2018

Arch Craniofac Surg

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“…Current classification systems divide the forehead into primarily three units-the midline, paramedian, and lateral areas-and more recently, into four zones. 1,2 However, these classification systems do not directly guide the type of reconstruction. There have been numerous flap descriptions for forehead reconstruction (e.g., various advancement and rotation flaps).…”

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confidence: 99%

Simplifying Forehead Reconstruction: A Review of More Than 200 Cases

2016

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The forehead is a unique facial region with distinct boundaries and variability in shape from patient to patient. When reconstructing the forehead, it is critical to take into account the regional boundaries as their distortion may result in noticeable facial asymmetry. We propose subdividing the forehead into newly defined zones and put forth a rational algorithm for forehead repair based on these divisions. We retrospectively reviewed a single surgeon's (F. H. S.) experience with Mohs excision and immediate reconstruction of the forehead over a 3-year period. A total of 227 consecutive post-Mohs forehead reconstructions were identified, and the reconstructive technique for a given defect size and location and postoperative complications were recorded. The average patient age was 69 years and 114 (50%) patients were female. Reconstructive techniques varied based on defect size and location within the five distinct forehead zones. Primary closure was the favored technique when appropriate, with variation in orientation based on forehead zone. Modified Burow's advancement flap was the most commonly utilized reconstruction for defects of midlateral forehead and suprabrow area, accounting for 51.7 and 62.5% of repairs, respectively. Other techniques included A-to-T flaps, rotation flaps, and full-thickness skin grafting. Using our defined zones, most common repair techniques, and final outcomes, a reconstructive algorithm for post-Mohs excisions on the forehead was derived. Consideration of the five distinct forehead zones and application of an algorithm to guide technique selection for post-Mohs forehead defect repair can lead to consistent results.

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Aesthetic Considerations in Forehead Reconstruction in Skin Carcinoma

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Forehead reconstruction using modified double-opposing rotation-advancement flaps for severe skin necrosis after filler injection

Forehead reconstruction using modified double-opposing rotation-advancement flaps for severe skin necrosis after filler injection

Simplifying Forehead Reconstruction: A Review of More Than 200 Cases

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