Aerospace Avionics Systems

Abstract

Avionics systems have become the information backbone of modern Aerospace systems ranging from micro‐air vehicle and nano‐satellite to jumbo jet and advanced spacecraft. With origins in vacuum‐based radios, the rapid evolution of electronics and software has enabled the development and integration of sensing, processing, and communication elements to perform a wide variety of monitoring, control, and communication tasks. This chapter overviews avionics systems for air and space systems, summarizing the functionality, technologies, and interfaces that have evolved. Although mission objectives and avionics designs differ from air to space systems, both rely on a common suite of interdisciplinary technology areas, including electrical engineering (sensors, communication devices, and power systems), computer engineering (processors and networks), software engineering (including validation and verification), control systems engineering (including guidance, navigation, and control), and human factors (cognitive engineering, life support). Training and education concerns are also discussed in the context of preparing engineers and pilots to design and operate next‐generation avionics systems. Avionics technologies, existing and emerging, are summarized here at a system‐level; further details of avionics subsystem technological capabilities and needs are referenced in other Encyclopedia Chapters (Embedded UAS Autopilot and Sensor Systems through Space Human Factors and Operator Interfaces).