Aerosol production by high-velocity molten-metal droplets

Rader, Dennis; Benson, David A.

doi:10.2172/6907036

Cited by 3 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…One concern is the relatively large fluctuations observed during the CNC tests, which suggests that the sampling chamber was not well mixed. DMPS tests supported results from previous launcher studies (Benson and Rader, 1986;Rader and Benson, 1988;Benson and Rader, 1990) and also provided new results. As shown for other metals, the agglomerates generated by the high-velocity combustion of uranium alloy droplets can be adequately described by a simple lognormal number distribution.…”

Section: Executive Summarysupporting

confidence: 82%

“…As in earlier studies of the evolution of tungsten and zirconium aerosols (Rader and Benson, 1988), the DMPS plays a key role in this study in characterizing the time evolution of the number distribution based on mobility equivalent diameter, dm, for a uranium combustion aerosol. The mobility equivalent diameter based number distribution measured by the DMPS is of particular interest as it is needed to predict both particle diffusion and coagulation rates.…”

Section: Figure2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DMPS has been used previously to measure the size distribution of combustion aerosol generated by the launch of high-velocity molten-metal droplets of zirconium and tungsten (Rader and Benson, 1988). A complete description of the principle of operation of the DMPS and subsequent data analysis techniques are found in that report.…”

Section: Principle Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inversion is complicated by the fact .that a particle's electric mobility depends on its size, shape, orientation, and the number of charges it carries. Thus, the inversion process needs to include accurate models for: (1) converting between electric mobility and equivalent mobility diameter, (2) calculating the charge distribution of the aerosol exiting the bipolar In this work, as discussed in Appendix B, only the charging law has been changed from the method described in Rader and Benson (1988). As in earlier studies, the combustion aerosol is assumed to be lognormal and so characterized by three parameters: NT the total particle number concentration, CMD the count median mobility equivalent diameter, and og the geometric standard deviation based on the mobility equivalent diameter.…”

Section: Principle Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous reports (Benson and Rader, 1986;Rader and Benson, 1988;Benson and Rader, 1990) describe the operation of an electromagnetic launcher device that is used to explore, in a lab environment, the break-up and combustion of molten metals. The present study uses a second-generation electromagnetic launcher (described in detail in Benson and Rader, 1990) to simultaneously melt and launch uranium alloy wires at velocities of about 100 d s .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerosol formation from high-velocity uranium drops: Comparison of number and mass distributions. Final report

Rader¹,

Benson²

1995

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Section: Executive Summarysupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Figure2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Principle Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Principle Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerosol formation from high-velocity uranium drops: Comparison of number and mass distributions. Final report

Rader¹,

Benson²

1995

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Shock-induced atomisation of a liquid metal droplet

Sharma,

Chandra,

Kumar

et al. 2023

J. Fluid Mech.

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The present study uses Galinstan as a test fluid to investigate the shock-induced atomisation of a liquid metal droplet in a high-Weber-number regime $(We \sim 400\unicode{x2013}8000)$ . Atomisation dynamics is examined for three test environments: oxidizing (Galinstan–air), inert (Galinstan–nitrogen) and conventional fluids (deionised water–air). Due to the readily oxidizing nature of liquid metals, their atomisation in an industrial scale system is generally carried out in inert atmosphere conditions. However, no previous study has considered gas-induced secondary atomisation of liquid metals in inert conditions. Due to experimental challenges associated with molten metals, laboratory scale models are generally tested for conventional fluids like deionised water, liquid fuels, etc. The translation of results obtained from conventional fluid to liquid metal atomisation is rarely explored. Here a direct multiscale spatial and temporal comparison is provided between the atomisation dynamics of conventional fluid and liquid metals under oxidizing and inert conditions. The liquid metal droplet undergoes breakup through the shear-induced entrainment mode for the studied range of Weber number values. The prevailing mechanism is explained based on the relative dominance of droplet deformation and Kelvin–Helmholtz wave formation. The study provides quantitative and qualitative similarities for the three test cases and explains the differences in morphology of fragmenting secondary droplets in the oxidizing test case (Galinstan–air) due to rapid oxidation of the fragmenting ligaments. A phenomenological framework is postulated for predicting the morphology of secondary droplets. The formation of flake-like secondary droplets in the Galinstan air test case is based on the oxidation rate of liquid metals and the properties of the oxide layer formed on the atomizing ligament surface.

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