Aerosol Particle Transport and Deposition in Upper and Lower Airways of Infant, Child and Adult Human Lungs

Rahman, Mizanur; Zhao, Ming; Islam, Mohammad S.; Dong, Kun; Saha, Suvash C.

doi:10.3390/atmos12111402

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(55 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…PM 2.5 is injected from the mouth–throat surface of the model at the 60 L/min flow rate. The inlet velocity and outlet outflow conditions are used as boundary conditions [ 45 ]. In addition, the conditions of stationary walls and no-slip are applied to the airway walls.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Wave and Bushfire Meteorology in New South Wales, Australia: Air Quality and Health Impacts

Islam

Fang

Oldfield

et al. 2022

IJERPH

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The depletion of air quality is a major problem that is faced around the globe. In Australia, the pollutants emitted by bushfires play an important role in making the air polluted. These pollutants in the air result in many adverse impacts on the environment. This paper analysed the air pollution from the bushfires from November 2019 to July 2020 and identified how it affects the human respiratory system. The bush fires burnt over 13 million hectares, destroying over 2400 buildings. While these immediate effects were devastating, the long-term effects were just as devastating, with air pollution causing thousands of people to be admitted to hospitals and emergency departments because of respiratory complications. The pollutant that caused most of the health effects throughout Australia was Particulate Matter (PM) PM2.5 and PM10. Data collection and analysis were covered in this paper to illustrate where and when PM2.5 and PM10, and other pollutants were at their most concerning levels. Susceptible areas were identified by analysing environmental factors such as temperature and wind speed. The study identified how these pollutants in the air vary from region to region in the same time interval. This study also focused on how these pollutant distributions vary according to the temperature, which helps to determine the relationship between the heatwave and air quality. A computational model for PM2.5 aerosol transport to the realistic airways was also developed to understand the bushfire exhaust aerosol transport and deposition in airways. This study would improve the knowledge of the heat wave and bushfire meteorology and corresponding respiratory health impacts.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Wave and Bushfire Meteorology in New South Wales, Australia: Air Quality and Health Impacts

Islam

Fang

Oldfield

et al. 2022

IJERPH

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, a second-order implicit scheme is used to solve the numerical equations. A constant inlet velocity and zero-gauged pressure outlet boundary conditions have been applied for each lung model. , The required inlet air velocity during the inhalation phase is calculated based on the diameter of the inlet surface of G3. For the turbulence, the specification method used is intensity and viscosity ratio with values of turbulent intensity and turbulent viscosity ratio of 5% and 10, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Treatment of Tumor in Upper Human Respiratory Tract Using Microaerosols

Riaz,

Munir,

Farooq

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lung cancer is a frequently diagnosed respiratory disease caused by particulate matter in the environment, especially among older individuals. For its effective treatment, a promising approach involves administering drug particles through the inhalation route. Multiple studies have investigated the flow behavior of inhaled particles in the respiratory airways of healthy patients. However, the existing literature lacks studies on the precise understanding of the transportation and deposition (TD) of inhaled particles through age-specific, unhealthy respiratory tracts containing a tumor, which can potentially optimize lung cancer treatment. This study aims to investigate the TD of inhaled drug particles within a tumorous, age-specific human respiratory tract. The computational model reports that drug particles within the size range of 5–10 μm are inclined to deposit more on the tumor located in the upper airways of a 70-year-old lung. Conversely, for individuals aged 50 and 60 years, an optimal particle size range for achieving the highest degree of particle deposition onto upper airway tumor falls within the 11–20 μm range. Flow disturbances are found to be at a maximum in the airway downstream of the tumor. Additionally, the impact of varying inhalation flow rates on particle TD is examined. The obtained patterns of airflow distribution and deposition efficiency on the tumor wall for different ages and tumor locations in the upper tracheobronchial airways would be beneficial for developing an efficient and targeted drug delivery system.

show abstract

“…Secondly, the model considered here extends up to the fourth generation, and morphing allows controlling up to the third. Several studies have shown that drug deposition also occurs in subsequent generations, especially when considering diameters on the order of a few nanometers [68]. Time-variant inlet profiles could be applied and combined with the parametric model to reproduce the oscillatory respiratory flow [69,70].…”

Section: Limitations and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Parametric 3D Model of Human Airways for Particle Drug Delivery and Deposition

Geronzi,

Fanni,

De Jong

et al. 2024

Fluids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The treatment for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease relies on forced inhalation of drug particles. Their distribution is essential for maximizing the outcomes. Patient-specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations can be used to optimize these therapies. In this regard, this study focuses on creating a parametric model of the human respiratory tract from which synthetic anatomies for particle deposition analysis through CFD simulation could be derived. A baseline geometry up to the fourth generation of bronchioles was extracted from a CT dataset. Radial basis function (RBF) mesh morphing acting on a dedicated tree structure was used to modify this baseline mesh, extracting 1000 synthetic anatomies. A total of 26 geometrical parameters affecting branch lengths, angles, and diameters were controlled. Morphed models underwent CFD simulations to analyze airflow and particle dynamics. Mesh morphing was crucial in generating high-quality computational grids, with 96% of the synthetic database being immediately suitable for accurate CFD simulations. Variations in wall shear stress, particle accretion rate, and turbulent kinetic energy across different anatomies highlighted the impact of the anatomical shape on drug delivery and deposition. The study successfully demonstrates the potential of tree-structure-based RBF mesh morphing in generating parametric airways for drug delivery studies.

show abstract

Aerosol Particle Transport and Deposition in Upper and Lower Airways of Infant, Child and Adult Human Lungs

Cited by 15 publications

References 43 publications

Heat Wave and Bushfire Meteorology in New South Wales, Australia: Air Quality and Health Impacts

Heat Wave and Bushfire Meteorology in New South Wales, Australia: Air Quality and Health Impacts

Optimal Treatment of Tumor in Upper Human Respiratory Tract Using Microaerosols

A Parametric 3D Model of Human Airways for Particle Drug Delivery and Deposition

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About